摘要:總計畫:以具經驗參數之動態BIM模型提昇公共生活空間生命週期管理
BIM(Building Information Modeling)技術可應用於建築物生命週期的各個階段,且在全球營建產業之導入應用已成趨勢,許多歐美先進國家政府都已訂定要求公共工程導入BIM技術之目標與時程。
本整合型計畫為持續性之研究,目前以捷運車站生命週期管理為案例,研發能將使用經驗納入建築資訊模型之參數中之技術,以提昇公共生活空間(設施)之生命週期管理。目前的BIM研究多在於模擬實體空間(設施)的幾何、物理屬性參數及空間關係,尚未見從使用者的角度來思考BIM之生活空間(設施)生命週期管理應用,將社會環境變遷及人與空間的互動行為等因素考量進BIM模擬中。而要將此類環境與人的因素考量進來,本整合型計畫擬導入目前在智慧生活科技領域已採用的Living Lab(生活實驗室)技術,於實際的生活環境中(本計畫以捷運車站為研究空間)挑選一些具代表性之空間來建構具可操控及可量測性之生活實驗室,然後從實驗觀察中建立可用來模擬使用者行為之參數模型,並動態地擷取所需之參數值,建構具經驗參數之動態BIM模型,以供回饋生命週期管理中不同階段之應用。
本研究具有實務前瞻性,如此的動態BIM參數模型因多了使用者經驗參數而「活」了起來,因此本研究將之命名為LiveBIM技術。本整合型計畫之總體目標為以具經驗參數之動態建築資訊模型提昇公共生活空間生命週期管理,原始構想曾於102年度提出並獲通過四個一般型研究計畫,考量仍有整合及持續研究之必要,本年度重新提出總計包含六個子計畫之整合型計畫,主要研究重點在於如何發展以「人因」為主要考量的建築資訊模型,以及發展相對應的生活實驗室和人流監測技術,同時需要建立量化使用者行為的資料擷取模式與資訊交換、儲存平台。另一方面,各子計畫之研究重點必須針對不同應用情境(例如:智慧監測、防災疏散、空間管理、營運維護等)發展各自的使用者行為分析模式,著重不同的使用者導向議題,並透過由總計畫管理和協調之整合平台來進行各自不同的應用情境分析或模擬。最後整合階段則由總計畫協同各子計畫,將使用者的行為模式反饋至動態建築資訊模型之經驗參數中,以利相關設施之規劃設計回饋與生命週期管理。
子計畫一:
生活實驗空間管理與人流監測及具經驗參數之動態BIM模型發展與應用研究
本研究為三年期整合型計畫中之子計畫一,此整合型計畫之主要研究目標為將生活實驗空間中之使用者經驗導入動態建築資訊模型之經驗參數中,以提昇公共生活空間(設施)之生命週期管理。本子計畫配合總計畫所發展之捷運車站實驗空間,研發人流監測技術及視覺化呈現系統,並發展相應之動態LiveBIM模型及其使用者經驗參數反饋機制,以改善原有建築物之空間設計與使用或可應用至其他相似建築空間設計之使用模擬,故本子計畫為此整合型計畫中負責關鍵技術平台開發與整合之核心角色。
生活實驗空間中之人流狀況為分析使用者經驗的關鍵之一,本子計畫擬開發適用於捷運車站空間之人流監測與視覺化呈現系統,透過影像處理方式研發人流計數、流向分析、區域概算及異常行為辨識等技術,並提供視覺化介面讓維護管理人員與一般民眾都能易於了解,並將此系統所蒐集及分析之巨量資訊同步於子計畫二所發展之雲端資料儲存與管理平台,以利其他子計畫進行情境模擬等應用。
本子計畫除了開發人流監測技術之外,主要研究重點為發展具經驗參數之動態BIM模型。典型的BIM模型所具備之元件參數皆為描述幾何性質與數量關係之單一物件參數,而具使用者經驗之延伸參數則鮮少被納入建築物生命週期BIM模型中考量。在本子計畫中,使用者經驗參數乃定義為表達使用者在特定建築(或生活)空間中之使用經驗,若將使用者於建築空間之行為模式量化,經一定時間累積成具足夠信心水準之樣本空間,則可歸納出具空間代表性之使用者經驗參數,而可將其納入BIM模型中管理,便成為「具經驗參數之動態BIM模型」,本研究將其命名為LiveBIM模型,用以提昇使用者導向(user-oriented)公共空間之生命週期管理價值。
本子計畫將在總計畫之協調整合下,與其他子計畫共同合作,負責設計及開發Live BIM模型之共用參數平台及參數反饋機制,並開發可與LiveBIM模型整合呈現之人流監測系統,以及管理生活實驗空間。由於各子計畫所發展之不同應用情境(scenario)將反饋至LiveBIM模型或作延伸之加值應用,故本子計畫會協助各子計畫將所需之使用者經驗參數封裝(encapsulation),並提供相應之共用參數介面以利應用。在最後整合階段,本子計畫擬透過API外掛程式之開發來發展相應之參數反饋機制,並根據各子計畫上傳至雲端資料庫之最終成果,將使用者經驗參數整合至LiveBIM模型中,並視覺化最終成果之呈現。
Abstract: Main Project:
LiveBIM: An Experience-enhanced BIM Approach for Life Cycle Management of Public Living Space (以具經驗參數之動態BIM模型提昇公共生活空間生命週期管理)
In the AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) industry, there has been a growing global trend in introducing BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology into the lifecycle management of buildings and infrastructures, especially in developed countries. This research proposes a three-year integrated project aiming to develop a novel experience-enhanced BIM approach for lifecycle management of public living space, named the LiveBIM approach. Two MRT stations in Taipei city have been selected as examples of the public living space for case studies. In the current BIM approach, the parameterization of BIM model elements includes mainly geometric and physical properties as well as spatial relationships. The key idea of the LiveBIM approach is to enhance a BIM model with parameters needed for simulation of user experiences in the public living space so that the lifecycle management of facilities in the space can take advantage of scenario-driven user experiences. For capturing the user experiences in the space, a Living Lab approach will be applied to the selected Taipei MRT stations and novel techniques will be developed for user behavior extraction through big sensor data (including images), information management and visualization on the cloud, parameterization and management of user experiences in the BIM model, and simulation of user-oriented application scenarios in lifecycle management of the space.
This integrated project includes six subprojects that will be carried out through collaboration of research teams among several academic institutes. The first subproject is responsible for crowd flow monitoring and visualization in the public living space, and also focuses on extending the base BIM model to the LiveBIM model through developing a feedback mechanism of shared parameters from scenario-driven user experiences. The second subproject will develop a cloud platform for data management and sharing of experience-enhanced BIM models with integration of advanced intelligent monitoring and visualization technology. The other subprojects place emphasis on developing different user-experience oriented application scenarios in MRT stations, including disaster prevention and evacuation, space and service planning, facility management, etc. Finally, all scenarios will be integrated into the LiveBIM model through parameterization of their user experiences to facilitate feedback to future planning and design of the living space and lifecycle management of related facilities.
Sub-projet 1:
Crowd Monitoring and Management of Living Lab and Development and Application of Experience-enhanced LiveBIM Model
This research is one of the six subprojects in a three-year integrated project, titled “LiveBIM: An Experience-enhanced BIM Approach for Life Cycle Management of Public Living Space.” The objective of the integrated project is to develop a novel experience-enhanced BIM approach for lifecycle management of public living space, named the LiveBIM approach. Two MRT Stations in Taipei city have been selected as public living space examples of the Living Lab for case studies.
The crowd flow analysis is a key to understand user experiences in the Living Lab. This subproject intends to develop a crowd flow monitoring and visualization system for a better integration with BIM technology. Also, such kind of big sensor data will be analyzed and uploaded to the cloud database for other subprojects to conduct scenario-driven simulations.
In addition to the BIM-based crowd flow monitoring technology, this subproject focuses on developing an experience-enhanced LiveBIM model. Typically, BIM models comprise of model elements with parameters of geometric and physical properties and spatial relationships. Parameters essential or useful for simulating user experiences in the living space are hardly ever taken into consideration. In this subproject, the main research objective is to extend the base (or typical) BIM model into the LiveBIM model with parameters needed for simulation of various user-experience oriented scenarios of lifecycle management of the living space.
This subproject under the coordination of the main project will maintain two Living Labs in the selected MRT stations and cooperate with other subprojects to design and develop a LiveBIM model platform of shared parameters derived from scenario-driven user experiences. This subproject will also help other subprojects encapsulate those parameters with a unified user interface, and develop an API plug-in program for integrating user-experience parameters from different application scenarios in other subprojects into the LiveBIM model.