https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/122035
Title: | GHz 系統中差模對傳輸線的訊號完整度分析 | Authors: | 吳瑞北 | Keywords: | 彈地雜訊;時域反射量測;訊號完整度;差模對傳輸線;時域有限差分法;Ground bounce;Time domain reflectometry;Signal integrity;Differential Signaling;Finite-difference time-domain method | Issue Date: | 31-Jul-2005 | Publisher: | 臺北市:國立臺灣大學電信工程學研究所 | Abstract: | 本計畫擬探討在多層構裝電路板中,差模對傳輸線的各種訊號完整度問題, 包括訊號連接器的高頻反射雜訊、與鄰近差模對傳輸線的串音雜訊、以及電路板 中高速數位訊號切換時,驅動電流急遽改變在系統的電源及接地環境中所造成的 彈地雜訊(通常亦稱ΔI 雜訊)等。 在彈地雜訊方面,本計劃將以二維時域有限差分法為基礎,建立簡化有效的 模擬模式。進一步將推廣此模型處理高頻複雜效應,包含建立近似電路模型處理 訊號線通過開槽切割的孤立電源層、結合積分方程式以考慮訊號經由平板邊緣的 輻射與耦合效應、以及利用束線動差法分析訊號線轉折至傳輸線的輻射效應等。 另外在實用問題方面,我們亦探討如何加入適當個數的去耦合電容以及選擇其擺 設位置,來有效抑制彈地雜訊的影響。 在高速訊號的傳輸設計方面,吾人將爰用準靜態法,計算差模對傳輸線的傳 播特性,包括單一差模對傳輸線的特性阻抗,以及兩個差模對傳輸線間的耦合串 音雜訊。在傳輸線不連續結構部份,則將處理直角轉折及連接器結構,計算其電 路散射參數,並進行適當的設計以抑制反射,改善訊號的轉接。 計畫中並將針對本問題設計量測結構,進行時域和頻域量測,探討彈地雜 訊、串音雜訊與訊號連接器反射等效應,並與模擬結果比較,一方面驗證分析模 式的正確性與適用性,另方面也研究可以適合未來更高速數位訊號的訊號走線與 電源分佈系統設計。 In a period of three years, this project will investigate the various signal integrity (SI) issues caused by differential signaling in multi-layered structures, including the high frequency reflection by the discontinuity of connectors, the crosstalk due to the nearby transmission lines, and the ground bounce (also known as delta-I noise) caused by the drastically varying driver currents during the switching on and off of high-speed digital circuits in the multi-layered power and grounding environment. Based on the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method, this project will develop a simplified efficient simulation model to predict the voltage drop developed between the power and ground planes due to the ground bounce. Furthermore, the model will be extended to take into account several other geometries having larger concern at higher frequencies. More specifically, for the signal over the slot-cut isolated power islands, the slot-induced ground bounce will be modeled by simplified equivalent capacitances and inductances. For the coupling and radiation at the finite plane boundaries, the field from the opening will be considered by integral equations and absorbed into the FDTD iteration schemes so as to investigate its influences on the signal integrity and electromagnetic interference issues. And for the bent-over to the transmission lines, the equivalent circuits will be constructed by matrix-penciled moments method. In addition, the placement of the decoupling capacitors to effectively reduce the ground bounce due to plate resonance will also be discussed. On the differential signaling for high-speed design, the quasi-static approach will be employed to calculate its propagation characteristics, such as the characteristic impedance and the crosstalk between two differential pairs. On the discontinuities, the right-angle bent and the connectors will be considered. The scattering matrices will be calculated by full wave simulation software and some new design will be exploited to minimize the reflection and achieve good transition. This project will build some test structures to do the measurement by time domain reflectometry (TDR) and time domain transmission (TDT), and network analyzer in frequency domain. The measured data will be compared with the simulation results to verify the established analysis model and based on which, to exploit the signal routing and power distribution system design suitable for next generation digital electronics with higher switching speed in gigahertz range. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/20309 | Other Identifiers: | 932213E002016 | Rights: | 國立臺灣大學電信工程學研究所 |
Appears in Collections: | 電信工程學研究所 |
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932213E002016.pdf | 7.82 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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