https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/141123
標題: | 臺灣嗜角質真菌之生物多樣性 Biodiversity of keratinophilic fungi in Taiwan |
作者: | 孫培倫 Sun, Pei-Lun |
關鍵字: | 嗜角質;真菌;多樣性;臺灣;爪甲團囊菌目 | 公開日期: | 2014 | 摘要: | 嗜角質真菌是一群以角質為養份來源的真菌,在自然界中,它們可以分解動物的毛髮、羽毛、蹄甲、皮膚角質碎屑等角質物質。這些角質的主要成份是α-keratin,為具有雙硫鍵的堅固蛋白質,在自然界不會自行分解消失。嗜角質真菌具有分解這類物質的能力,使碳、氮、硫等元素重回大自然的循環。這類真菌存在於土壤、動物、及人類身上;在分類學上,則集中於爪甲團囊菌目(Onygenales)中。此屬共有約6科41屬的真菌,其中包括重要的人類及動物致病真菌。本研究透過動物毛皮及土壤,調查嗜角質真菌在台灣的多樣性。我們共取得563件樣本,其中包括動物樣本523件,土壤樣本40件。動物來源包括狗、貓、兔、鼠、及蝙蝠。分離純化之真菌總計334株,其中140株屬Onygenales,5株為Arachnomycetales。Onygenales的菌株分屬3科9屬30種,Arachnomycetales 的菌株1科1屬2種;其中多為台灣新紀錄種,另一部份尚待鑑定描述。本研究樣本採集地點雖集中於台灣北部及東部,卻已呈現高度的菌種多樣性。 Keratinophilic fungi are a special group of fungi using keratin as their nutrient source. They can degrade a variety of keratinous substances such as hairs, feathers, horn, skin debris, which are composed mainly of α-keratin. Due to the strong disulfide bond, constituents of keratinous substances can be degraded into carbon, nitrogen and sulfur only by keratinophilic fungi, which make recycling of these substances in the ecosystem possible. Most of keratinophilic fungi belong to Onygenales (Ascomycota, Pezizomycotina, Eurotiomycetes, Onygenales), which is composed of about six families and 41 genera, including many important pathogenic fungi of humans and animals. The aim of this study is to survey the biodiversity of keratinophic fungi in Taiwan. We collected 563 samples, including 523 animal fur coat samples from dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and bats, and 40 soil samples. Among the 334 strains isolated, 140 belong to Onygenales, which can be categorized into three families, nine genera and 30 species. Five Arachnomycetalean fungi can be categorized to one family, one genus and two species. Most of them are new to Taiwan. There are also several new species to be described. A fairly high diversity is revealed in the current study despite that the samples were mainly collected from northern and eastern Taiwan and more collecting needs to be made elsewhere in Taiwan. |
URI: | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/261815 | Rights: | 論文公開時間:2016/02/26 論文使用權限:同意有償授權(權利金給回饋學校) |
顯示於: | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 |
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ntu-103-D98B44002-1.pdf | 23.32 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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