https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/508926
標題: | Mechanisms and evidence of vertical transmission of infections in pregnancy including SARS-CoV-2 | 作者: | Mahyuddin, A P Kanneganti, A Wong, Jlj Dimri, P Sharma Su, L L Biswas, A Illanes, S E Mattar, Cnz RUBY YUN-JU HUANG Choolani, M |
公開日期: | 12-六月-2020 | 來源出版物: | Prenatal diagnosis | 摘要: | There remain unanswered questions concerning mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of SARS-CoV-2. Despite reports of neonatal COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 has not been consistently isolated in perinatal samples thus, definitive proof of transplacental infection is still lacking. To address these questions, we assessed investigative tools used to confirm maternal-fetal infection and known protective mechanisms of the placental barrier that prevent transplacental pathogen migration. Forty studies of COVID-19 pregnancies reviewed suggest a lack of consensus on diagnostic strategy for congenital infection. While RT-PCR of neonatal swabs was universally performed, a wide range of clinical samples was screened including vaginal secretions (22.5%), amniotic fluid (35%), breast milk (22.5%) and umbilical cord blood. Neonatal COVID-19 was reported in eight studies, two of which were based on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM in neonatal blood. Histological examination demonstrated sparse viral particles, vascular malperfusion and inflammation in the placenta from pregnant women with COVID-19. The paucity of placental co-expression of ACE-2 and TMPRSS2, two receptors involved in cytoplasmic entry of SARS-CoV-2, may explain its relative insensitivity to transplacental infection. Viral interactions may utilise membrane receptors other than ACE-2 thus, tissue susceptibility may be broader than currently known. Further spatial-temporal studies are needed to determine the true potential for transplacental migration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
URI: | https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/508926 | ISSN: | 0197-3851 1097-0223 |
DOI: | 10.1002/pd.5765 | SDG/關鍵字: | angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor; immunoglobulin M; protein; tmprss2 protein; unclassified drug; amnion fluid; blood placenta barrier; breast feeding; breast milk; coronavirus disease 2019; fetus risk; human; immunity; immunoglobulin blood level; nonhuman; placental transfer; pregnancy complication; prenatal exposure; priority journal; protein expression; real time polymerase chain reaction; Review; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; umbilical cord blood; vaginal secretion; vertical transmission; virus cell interaction; virus entry; virus particle; virus transmission; female; fetomaternal transfusion; immunology; pregnancy; virology; COVID-19; Female; Humans; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; SARS-CoV-2 |
顯示於: | 醫學系 |
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