https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/60156
DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
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dc.contributor | 陳希立 | en |
dc.contributor | 臺灣大學:機械工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
dc.contributor.author | 張耿豪 | zh |
dc.contributor.author | Chang, Keng-Hao | en |
dc.creator | 張耿豪 | zh |
dc.creator | Chang, Keng-Hao | en |
dc.date | 2004 | en |
dc.date.accessioned | 2007-11-28T07:22:48Z | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2018-06-28T16:48:35Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2007-11-28T07:22:48Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2018-06-28T16:48:35Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2004 | - |
dc.identifier | zh-TW | en |
dc.identifier.uri | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/61103 | - |
dc.description.abstract | 摘要 國立臺灣大學機械工程學研究所碩士論文 論文題目:捷運車站火災案例之數值模擬分析與安全驗證 作 者:張耿豪 指導教授:陳希立 博士 中華民國九十三年九月 國內為解決日趨嚴重的交通擁塞及空氣污染問題,都市化的城市皆巳完成或規劃興建大眾捷運系統。搭載上百乘客的捷運列車每部以3~5分鐘之發車頻率穿梭往返於地下層,民眾十分仰賴此類大眾交通工具,捷運車站於上下班時段內,旅客量為將會達到最高峰,且旅客皆會集中在月台旁邊,若突然在此時此地發生火災,勢必造成極度危急的情況。因此,檢核周遭環境是否能符合逃生規範,是工程設計人員必須考慮的重要事項。 本研究使用由英國公司CHAM公司所開發的計算流體力學套裝軟體― PHOENICS,來進行火災模擬,且排煙設備將逕行啟動,並以美國防火協會(NFPA)之人員逃生安全驗證標準(NFPA130版),來檢測周遭出入口的安全性。 分析模擬結果後,發現有一處出入口周遭之氣體溫度大於60℃,不符合NFPA於溫度方面之逃生規範,其餘出入口皆符合NFPA於溫度、可見度、CO濃度和熱輻射強度方面之逃生規範。 關鍵詞:捷運車站、火災、PHOENICS | zh_TW |
dc.description.abstract | ABSTRACT The Numerical Analysis and Secure Evaluation of Fire Accident in the Mass Rapid Transit Stations By Keng-Hao Chang MASTER DEGREE OF ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIVERSITY September 2004 ADVISER: Dr. Sih-Li Chen In order to solve increasing problems such as traffic jams and air pollution, most modern cities in Taiwan have built or planed to build the Rapid Transit Systems, which has trains departing from terminal stations every 3-5 minutes in underground tunnels. Citizens depend greatly on public transportations such as MRT (Mass Rapid Transit). During rush hours, the number of passengers would be up to the maximum capacity. In addition, most passengers await the trains on the waiting platforms; thus, if there were a fire accident, it would pose a dangerous threat to human life. Therefore, engineers must consider the environment in compliance to the fleeing standard. In present study, the quantitative results of the fluids flow in fire environment were predicted by PHOENICS, which is a general-purpose software package produced by CHAM Ltd. In the numerical simulation, the smoke management system will be initiated. The results will be verified according to the rules of NFPA130, which is concluded by NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) to check the security of exits. From the analysis of the results, it was found that one exit failed to meet NFPA130 standards. Temperature of this exit is greater than 60℃. However, the other exits do meet the satisfactory requirement of temperature, visibility, CO concentration and radiation exchange rate of NFPA130. Key words: Mass Rapid Transit Stations, fire accident, PHEONICS | en |
dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄 摘要 i ABSTRACT ii 目錄 iii 表目錄 vi 圖目錄 vii 符號說明 ix 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究動機 1 1.2 研究目的 1 1.3 文獻回顧 2 第二章 火災成長形態與煙流動模式 4 2.1 火災成長形態 4 2.1.1 火災發展過程 4 2.1.2 火源設計 5 2.1.3 火源產生之煙流 8 2.2 煙流動模式 13 2.2.1 煙層的危害性 14 2.2.2 煙層流動特性 14 2.2.3 煙沉降率與沉降高度 16 第三章 數值模擬 18 3.1 研究方法簡介 18 3.2 理論模式 18 3.2.1 流場基本假設 19 3.2.2 統御方程式 19 3.2.3 紊流模式 21 3.2.4 邊牆函數 22 3.3 數值方法 24 3.3.1 PHOENICS簡介 24 3.3.2 格點系統 25 3.3.3 離散化方法 26 3.3.4 壓力修正算則 28 3.3.5 鬆弛係數與收斂標準 31 3.4 參數設定 32 3.4.1 模型幾何設定 32 3.4.2 邊界條件設定 33 3.4.3 初始條件與暫態設定 33 3.4.4 火源設定 33 第四章 分析過程說明 34 4.1 災害案例 34 4.2 NFPA安全驗證標準 34 4.3 分割模型 34 4.4 排煙風門啟動時間之決定 35 4.5 排煙風量之計算 36 4.6 格點獨立測試 37 第五章 結果與討論 38 5.1 案例分析結果與討論 38 5.1.1 防煙區劃內之風機開啟情形 38 5.1.2 驗證各出入口之溫度 39 5.1.3 驗證各出入口之可見度 40 5.1.4 驗證各出入口之CO濃度 42 5.1.5 驗證各出入口之熱輻射強度 42 5.2 全區域數值模擬結果與分割區域數值模擬結果之比對 42 5.2.1 天花板高度處Smoke濃度場之比對 42 5.2.2 自地板面起算1.8m處(人員逃生高度)溫度場之比對 43 5.2.3 地板面起算1.8m處(人員逃生高度)Smoke濃度場之比對 43 5.2.4 小結 43 第六章 結論與建議 44 6.1 結論 44 6.2 建議 45 附錄A 可見度與CO濃度於PHOENICS軟體之換算 46 附錄B 熱輻射強度之計算 49 參考文獻 51 附表 54 附圖 64 | zh_TW |
dc.format.extent | 3075662 bytes | - |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | - |
dc.language | zh-TW | en |
dc.language.iso | en_US | - |
dc.subject | PHOENICS | en |
dc.subject | 火災 | en |
dc.subject | 捷運車站 | en |
dc.subject | fire accident | en |
dc.subject | PHEONICS | en |
dc.subject | Mass Rapid Transit Stations | en |
dc.subject.classification | [SDGs]SDG11 | - |
dc.title | 捷運車站火災案例之數值模擬分析與安全驗證 | zh |
dc.title | Numerical Analysis and Safety Evaluation of Fire Accident in the Mass Rapid Transit Stations | en |
dc.type | thesis | en |
dc.identifier.uri.fulltext | http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/61103/1/ntu-93-R91522101-1.pdf | - |
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item.languageiso639-1 | en_US | - |
item.cerifentitytype | Publications | - |
item.fulltext | with fulltext | - |
item.openairecristype | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_46ec | - |
item.openairetype | thesis | - |
item.grantfulltext | open | - |
顯示於: | 機械工程學系 |
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ntu-93-R91522101-1.pdf | 23.53 kB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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