https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/604197
Title: | The Divergence of Policy Responses to Low Fertility in South Korea and Taiwan: From a Perspective of Gender Labor Market | Other Titles: | 한국과 대만의 저출산 대응정책 분기: 젠더 노동시장의 관점 | Authors: | Hyunwook Cheng SHIH-JIUNN SHI |
Keywords: | low fertility;Family policy;gender role;Production regime;south korea;taiwan | Issue Date: | 2021 | Journal Volume: | 24 | Journal Issue: | 3 | Start page/Pages: | 193-230 | Source: | Discourse 201 | Abstract: | South Korea and Taiwan pursued similar family policies during the rapid industrialization era under authoritarian regimes, but have diverged when they encountered low fertility rates after democratization. While the Korean government actively established policies to encourage childbirth and invested a big-budget to implement related measures, the Taiwanese government took a relatively passive stance and method. This article examines this puzzle drawing on the comparative political economy approach focusing on gender. In Korea, a male-centered labor market was formed because firm-specific skills were required in the conglomeratedominant industrial structure. By contrast, Taiwan’s economy consists of middleand small-sized enterprises that favors general skill formation and female labor participation. This institutional diversity has generated different social expectations and norms for gender roles Korea and Taiwan, and have led to different government attitudes and policy pursuits in response to the low birth rates. The countermeasures of both Korean and Taiwanese governments are almost ineffective, and, as a result, did not draw a salient difference. However, the analysis in this article demonstrates that countries facing a similar problem of low fertility and aging may take different approaches depending on the institutional attributes of each country. |
URI: | https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/604197 | ISSN: | 15981118 |
Appears in Collections: | 國家發展研究所 |
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