https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/626171
標題: | The formation of “mega-flocks” depends on vegetation structure in montane coniferous forests of Taiwan | 作者: | Liao C.-C TZUNG-SU DING Chen C.-C. |
關鍵字: | avian assemblage; coniferous forest; mixed-species bird flock; structural heterogeneity; vegetation succession | 公開日期: | 2022 | 卷: | 12 | 期: | 2 | 來源出版物: | Ecology and Evolution | 摘要: | A mixed-species bird flock is a social assemblage where two or more bird species are moving together while foraging and might benefit from increased foraging efficiency and antipredator vigilance. A “mega-flock,” which includes flocking species from different vegetation strata, often exhibits high species diversity. Mechanisms for the formation of mega-flocks have not yet been explored. In this study, we evaluated the influence of vegetation structure and bird species diversity in driving the occurrence of mega-flocks. We investigated the composition of mixed-species flocks, local bird communities, and vegetation structure in five vegetation types of two high-elevation sites in central Taiwan. Mega-flocks occurred more frequently in pine woodland than later successional stages of coniferous forests. However, species richness/diversity of local bird communities increased along successional stages. Therefore, vegetation variables exhibit more influence on the occurrence of mega-flocks than local bird communities. Besides foliage height diversity, understory coverage also showed positive effects on flock size of mixed-species flocks. Our results indicated that pine woodlands with more evenly distributed vegetation layers could facilitate the interactions of canopy and understory flocks and increase the formation of mega-flocks and thus the complexity of mixed-species flocks. © 2022 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. |
URI: | https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85125141386&doi=10.1002%2fece3.8608&partnerID=40&md5=b90c99ee1238845fb47fa4bbecf0025e https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/626171 |
ISSN: | 20457758 | DOI: | 10.1002/ece3.8608 |
顯示於: | 森林環境暨資源學系 |
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