Browsing by Type "book part"

Since the publication of the original Science of Synthesis review (Section 30.3.2) in 2007, not much progress on this product class has been reported in the literature. The synthesis and applications of perfluoroalkylated 1,3-dithietanes in organic synthesis have been reviewed.[1]. ? 2018 Georg Thieme Verlag. All rights reserved.

This chapter introduces the thin films as the in vitro 2D culture stem cell culture systems. The fabrication process of 2D culture systems usually has no complex manufacturing procedure and offers user-friendly and easily operated protocols for everyone working with cell culture- or biology-related research in laboratories. The principle of surface modification of culture dishes or wells is paving thin films or thick membranes on the tissue culture surface of the flat plane through physical or chemical methods. Compared with the thin films, thick membranes used for culturing cells are usually fabricated through manufacturing technology to obtain the membrane-type substrates, which are cut and placed in culture dishes/wells as the surface for cell adhesion and growth. The possible mechanism pathways provide clear information to fabricate the thick membrane with specific microstructures to design the tissue-like cell culture microenvironments.

This chapter introduces various commonly synthetic and natural polymers and their unique properties. The combination of multiple types of scaffolds, microfabrication technologies, and types of stem cells have shown their potential applications in developing a 3D in vitro culture system for regulating the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of stem cells. Recently, continuous advancements in technology have improved the limitation of the 2D stem cell culture system. Microsphere-based scaffolds are 3D culture environments that offer a high surface-to-volume ratio for shortening the cell expansion process and growing. Stem cells cultured with biomaterials is one of the most important and essential methods in medicine and cell biology. The chapter discusses synthetic and natural polymers, such as polyethylene glycol, Pluronic F-127, gellan gum, aloe vera, glycosyl-nucleoside-amphiphiles, and pullulan for the fabrication of 3D stem cell culture systems and the regulation of stem cell behaviors.