因應「臺灣2050淨零排放路徑及策略總說明」及「淨零轉型之淨零科技布局」之藍圖,國立臺灣大學(以下簡稱本校)特設立「農業零碳技術與管理創新研究中心」(以下簡稱本研究中心)以農業淨零碳排之減量、增匯、循環及綠趨勢四大策略為宗旨,包含低碳製程、永續能源、循環經濟、負碳技術及社會科學等面向。本研究中心願景(Visions)包括:研發農業零碳科技與創新管理作為,提升我國於農業淨零領域之學術能量;建構農業零碳科技之產/官/學/研交流平台,深耕國際合作與專業人才培育機制;建置農業永續淨零評估架構與方法,擘劃我國農業零碳藍圖與執行路徑。
本研究中心之短程目標(112-113年)為帶領我國政府與產業擘劃農業零碳路徑,串聯國內產官學研量能,致力培育專業人才,深化國際交流合作;中程目標(114-116年)為帶領臺灣成為亞太區域農業零碳之領航者角色,深耕國際合作與技術轉移;持續培育國內專業人才,並設立區域示範型技術中心,提供國內農業企業與農民技術輔導與服務;長程目標(117-120年)為引領臺灣產學研領域邁向世界級地位,吸引國外學生與專業人才赴臺;驅動農業(負碳)帶動工業淨零加速轉型,加速實現我國2050淨零目標。
本研究中心立基於本校既有之「生態工程研究中心」、「生物能源研究中心」、「智慧農業教學與研究發展中心」及「臺大實驗林管理處」之研究資源與人力,將致力於我國農業部門零碳技術之創新研發與管理工作。本研究中心下設五大研究群(子計畫),包括低碳耕作系統下碳收支之創新模式、森林創新負碳技術與管理、畜牧業創新淨零碳排技術與管理、農業環境智慧碳收支監測、及碳權交易制度與碳匯管理策略之研究。各子計畫之研究目的(Objectives),摘錄說明如下:
• 於低碳耕作系統下碳收支的創新模式部分,藉由分析土壤有機質中碳氮分解、轉變和排放,以及土壤微生物活性對於土壤碳匯之動態變化,探討不同栽培管理模式下作物生長、土壤微生物菌相和土壤碳收支之交互關係,以評估低碳農法對於提升土壤碳匯穩定性之效益。
• 於森林創新負碳技術與管理部分,調研國際森林碳匯減量額度交易機制,發展不同尺度下森林碳匯與森林土壤有機碳匯估算作業流程,並透過高值化林產品與低碳生產模式,優化國產生物材料碳吸存之效益。
• 於畜牧業創新淨零碳排技術與管理部分,妥善利用畜牧業廢棄物轉換再生能源於產電與其他能量之使用,結合微電網於農畜牧業場域,提高電力使用效率;研發先進生質能-碳捕獲再利用(BECCU)技術,建立區域型示範廠,實現農村能源自主與農業負碳。
• 於農業環境智慧碳收支監測部分,建置一個基於物聯網的支援決策平台,以微氣候預測與隨機優化決策模式,達到最佳化農業環境系統中土壤、森林之固碳潛力。
• 於碳權交易制度與碳匯管理策略部分,藉由估算農林畜牧創新零碳管理與循環生產下之碳足跡,建立以貨幣化農業部門減碳環境效益之架構,將可提供擬定碳定價與減碳政策之重要依據,促成媒合農業與工業進行零碳或負碳之碳抵換或國際間碳交易,以提升我國外銷科技產品在國際間之競爭力。
本研究中心已進行研商之合作單位包含農委會(淨零辦、科技處)、農糧署、群創光電、臺灣中國石油公司與慈心有機農業發展基金會等,未來將攜手產官學界,以自然為本解方(Nature-based Solution),在確保糧食安全前提下,發展高效能、低耗能之增加零碳農業生產模式,並透過創新技術研發及示範場域之建置,培養國內跨領域之農業零碳或負碳創新技術人才實務經驗與技術水準,促進國際交流,達成臺灣邁向領導世界農業負碳產業之目標。
In response to the blueprint of "Taiwan`s 2050 Net-Zero Transition", the National Taiwan University (hereinafter referred to as NTU) established the "Agricultural Net-Zero Carbon Technology and Management Innovation Research Center" (hereinafter referred to as the Research Center). The Research Center is based on four major strategies of agricultural net-zero carbon emissions (i.e., source reduction, sink enhancement, circulation, and green trend), and aims at priority directions including low-carbon manufacturing processes, sustainable energy, circular economy, negative carbon technology, and social science. The visions of the Research Center include (i) advanced research and development of agricultural zero-carbon technology and innovative management to enhance the academic energy of Taiwan in the field of agricultural net-zero; (ii) establishment of an exchange platform among industries, government authorities, universities, and research institutes for agricultural zero-carbon technology, and cultivation of professional talents through deepening international cooperation and cooperation; (iii) development of agricultural sustainable net-zero evaluation frameworks and methodologies, thereby proposing Taiwan`s agricultural zero-carbon blueprint and implementation path.
The short-term goals of the Research Center (for the year of 2023-2024) are to (i) lead the Taiwan Government and industries for planning the agricultural zero carbon pathway, (ii) cultivate professional talents by connecting the resources in domestic production, government, academia and research institutes, and (iii) deepen international exchanges and cooperation. The medium-term goals (for the year of 2025-2027) are to (i) lead Taiwan to become the leader of zero-carbon agriculture in the Asia-Pacific region, (ii) promote international cooperation and technology transfer, and continue to cultivate domestic professionals, and (iii) establish regional demonstration technology centers to provide technical guidance and services for domestic agricultural enterprises and farmers. The long-term goal (for the year of 2028-2031) are to (i) lead Taiwan`s industry-university-research institutes to the world-class position, (ii) attract foreign students and professionals to Taiwan; and (iii) leverage the efforts of agriculture negative carbon to industrial net-zero transformation, thereby accelerating the realization of Taiwan 2050 net-zero transition goals.
The Research Center leverages the resources and manpower of the existing "NTU Ecological Engineering Research Center", "NTU Biological Energy Research Center", "NTU Smart Agriculture Teaching and Research Development Center", and "NTU Experimental Forest Management Office". The Research Center will be dedicated to developing innovative R&D of zero-carbon technologies and management in the agricultural sector Innovation. The Research Center is committed to five research domains (groups), including (i) the innovative model of carbon budget under the low-carbon farming system, (ii) innovative negative carbon technology and management of the forestry sector, (iii) innovative net-zero carbon emission technology and management of the animal industries, (iv) smart carbon budget monitoring in the agricultural environment, and (v) strategies on carbon trading system and carbon sink management. The objectives of these five research domains are briefly illustrated as follows:
• In the Group I (the innovative model of carbon budget under the low-carbon farming system), we plan to analyze the decomposition, transformation and emissions of carbon and nitrogen in soil organic matter, and the dynamic changes of soil microbial activity on soil carbon sink together with the performance of crop growth. We will also evaluate the interactive relationship between soil microbial flora and soil carbon budget, as well as the benefits of low-carbon agricultural methods for improving the stability of soil carbon sinks.
• In the Group II (innovative negative carbon technology and management of the forestry sector), we plan to investigate the international carbon trading mechanisms of carbon sinks in the forestry sector, and to develop forest carbon sink and forest soil organic carbon sink estimation procedures at different scales. We will also optimize the carbon sequestration benefits of domestic biomaterials through high-value forest products and low-carbon production models.
• In the Group III (innovative net-zero carbon emission technology and management of the animal industries), we plan to utilize animal husbandry wastes as renewable (bio)energy into the production of electricity and/or heat, and to combine micro-grids in agricultural and animal husbandry fields for improving the energy use efficiency. We will be also dedicated to deploying advanced biomass energy-carbon capture and utilization (BECCU) technology by establishing regional demonstration programs to realize the self-sufficient energy in rural regions and agricultural carbon negative.
• In the Group IV (smart carbon budget monitoring in the agricultural environment), we plan to establish a decision-making platform based on the Internet of Things to optimize the carbon sequestration potential of the soil and forestry sectors in the agro-environment system. We will also build up the microclimate prediction and stochastic optimization for the decision-making systems.
• In the Group V (strategies on carbon trading system and carbon sink management), we plan to establish a framework to monetize the environmental benefits of carbon reduction in the agricultural sector by estimating the carbon footprint of innovative zero-carbon management and circular production in agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. This will provide an important basis for formulating carbon pricing and carbon reduction policies, and thus facilitate the matching of agriculture and industry. We will also carry out zero-carbon or negative-carbon carbon offsets or international carbon trading to enhance the international competitiveness of Taiwan`s export technologies and products.
The Research Center has established cooperation mechanisms with government authorities, industries, and research institutes in Taiwan, such as the Council of Agriculture, the Agriculture and Food Agency, the Innolux Corporation, the Taiwan China Petroleum Corporation, and the Tse-Xin Organic Agriculture Foundation. The Research Center will continue to cooperate with other relevant institutes on the Nature-based Solutions (NbS), especially emphasizing the food security and the high-efficient and low-energy-consuming agricultural production models that increases zero carbon through innovative R&D. The Research Center will also establish demonstration sites, cultivate technical talents on cross-field agricultural carbon-negative innovation with practical experiences and technical standards, and promote international exchanges for achieving Taiwan`s goal of leading the world`s agricultural carbon-negative industry.