摘要:根據聯合國糧農組織的估算,全球每年約有13億噸的食物從採收後到消費的過程中是損失或被浪費掉,大約佔去糧食供應給消費者使用量的三分之一。APEC地區涵蓋了世界最大的糧食生產以及糧食出口地區,因此,各國必須設法提升農場採收後到零售及消費過程每個階段之運銷效率,以最小社會成本來維護未來世代的糧食安全。
鑑於減少損耗必須透過整個農業供應鏈的整合以及公私部門的合作方能有實質之成效,本計畫將整合我國與APEC會員體降低糧損之相關研究能量,協助推動APEC「強化公私部門夥伴關係降低供應鏈之糧食損失」多年期計畫,依產品或議題別與APEC主辦國合作辦理專題研討及能力建構會議,並逐步建置一套評估食物糧損之共通方法論以及透過網站平台,提供APEC會員體減少食品供應鏈糧損之工具箱與最佳範例。先期首要任務為成立國內專家顧問團隊,提供可行的創新解決方案,同時成立跨國之糧損評估專家小組,召開專家工作坊,修正評估方法,找出造成不當損耗的主要來源,比對各國之糧損評估方法與資料差異,提出修正方案,並檢討造成APEC區域榖類、蔬果及漁畜糧損之關鍵因素,提出可能的解決方案,提昇我國及亞太地區農產供應鏈產業競爭力,為國內廠商創造商機,並為亞太區域糧食安全做出具體貢獻。
2017年之計畫目標包括:
1. 完成APEC區域糧損評估方法論及降低糧損工具箱與解決方案資料庫網站。
2. 協助籌辦高階政策對話,提出達成「APEC邁向2020糧食安全路徑圖」於2020年達成降低糧損10%目標之策略建議。
工作內容重點包括:
1. 召開「APEC降低糧損與浪費合作夥伴專家諮詢會議」─成立跨國糧損評估專家小組,盤點彙整各經濟體在減少糧損及浪費之先導或相關計畫成果,檢視各經濟體採用創新科技及最佳範例之能力建構需求,建置「APEC降低糧損與浪費合作夥伴關係」架構,鼓勵公私部門參與。
2. 協助籌辦「2017 APEC降低糧損與永續糧食體系能力建構研討會」─邀請糧損統計與在降低糧損方面有實務經驗之產官學專家擔任講師,以及APEC會員體及國際產業相關公私部門代表,分享在永續糧食物系統下減少糧損與浪費的實務經驗。
3. 改進糧損統計、工具箱及解決方案資料庫與網站─持續擴充APEC糧損統計以及工具箱與解決方案資料庫,改善網站的版面設計,並於參加APEC糧食會議及主辦研討會期間進行推廣。
預期之效益包括:
1. 建構糧損評估方法論:盤點供應鏈各階段糧損情形與亟需努力之環節,以謀對策,進而研訂各國降低糧損率的目標,以及研擬達成APEC邁向2020糧食安全路徑圖於2020年降低糧損10%目標之可行策略,以強化我國在糧食安全議題之地位。
2. 降低糧損工具箱與解決方案資料庫:透過蒐集建置系統化的資訊平台,提供最新科研成果資訊,分享最佳範例效果,並促進政府與民間有效溝通。
3. 提升我國在農業科技合作能量:拓展在政策制定上的國際能見度,並協助國內廠商海外市場之佈局。
4. 培育我國農業供應鏈相關人才:透過組成跨國與國內專家工作小組與辦理工作會議,提昇我國相關科研人才的專業技能以及與國際接軌之能力。
Abstract: Based on the UN’s research, roughly one-third of the edible parts of food produced for human consumption gets lost or wasted globally, which is about 1.3 billion tons per year. Therefore, it is of vital importance to strengthen partnership among public and private sectors of APEC economies in developing policy recommendations and solutions on reducing post-harvest losses and waste, as well as enhancing food quality and safety, so as to contribute to food security in the Asia-Pacific region.
The project aims to address post-harvest losses and waste in all stages of the food supply chain in the APEC region by strengthening public-private partnership (PPP). The need for PPP to raise the competitiveness of the supply chain, develop the capacity of smallholders and farmers, and respond to the institutional, infrastructural and technological needs of the supply chain will also be addressed.
The overall goal can be achieved through the following:
1. Developing a consolidated methodology of APEC food loss assessment and identifying practical solutions, and enhancing capacity-building for reducing food losses and costs as well as improving food safety and quality.
2. Establishing a knowledge exchange platform for disseminating toolkits, best practices, and a dataset on reducing food losses. The toolkit established will introduce the applications of new innovations and practices related to the food supply chains (harvesting, handling and storage, packaging and processing, distribution and marketing, consumption) in the APEC region and thus contribute to safeguarding food security in the APEC region.
3. Assisting in the organization of an APEC annual capacity building seminar to seek best practices in private and public sectors on reducing post-harvest losses and costs, to enhance the role of public-private partnership (PPP) along the entire food supply chain, to reinforce policy coordination among APEC economies, and to establish a milestone for APEC food security.
The major work plan includes participation in various food security-related meetings through the following procedures:
1. Organize a multi-economy and multi-disciplinary expert team, review the region-wide survey outcome onfood loss and waste (FLW) reduction programs,host an expert workshop in June to identify capacity building needs to increase adoption of innovative technologies and best practices, form an APEC Food Losses and Waste Reduction Partnership (AFLWREP) and encourage public and private sectors to collaborate and take action.
2. Prepare a seminar agenda and nominate potential speakers for the 2017 capacity building workshop to be held in Vietnam.
3. Upgrade the existing information platform and participate in various APEC functional meetings to promote the platform and collect revision suggestions, and prepare a progress report and official statements, and participate in the APEC annual ATCWG and PPFS work meetings to present and discuss with APEC representatives.
The anticipated benefits of the project include:
1. Developing a consolidated methodology of APEC food loss assessment and identifying practical solutions.
2. Establishing a knowledge exchange platform for disseminating toolkits, best practices, and a dataset on reducing food losses.
3. Enhancing cooperation in agricultural science and technology. Cultivating agricultural supply chain-related personnel.