摘要:由於醫藥科技的發達,大部分早期造成人類高死亡率的疾病雖已獲控制,然而在疾病早期預防的方面仍有待加強。以結核病為例,此一疾病發病率逐漸攀升,貧困地區尤其受到嚴重威脅,每年死亡人數甚至超過愛滋病、瘧疾、腹瀉及熱帶病死亡人數之和。目前肺結核之診斷除了一般胸部X光檢查,主要是靠痰液之檢查,但敏感性不高且需經一個多月才能獲得完整之報告,經常延誤治療的時機。在卡介苗接種的成效一再被質疑之下,開發快速檢測方式與有效藥物篩選,是所有生物製藥技術的共同目標。
生醫晶片的相關檢測技術中,具有非接觸式、高靈敏度、大頻寬、以及小量測體積等優勢,同時在全球生醫晶片之試樣與檢體均快速縮小的狀況下,光電檢測技術才是最為適用量測方式。目前使用最廣、精確度較高的光電檢測技術有橢偏術(Ellipsometry)、表面電漿共振術(surface plasmon resonance, SPR)、以及最近一年來才被應用在商業儀器上的波導干涉儀(Waveguide Interferometry)。
配合總計畫所提出「光生化型晶片系統於藥物篩選與疾病檢測之研發」之計劃,本子計畫將負責「特用型光生化型晶片儀」之研究開發。利用本研
Abstract: Human beings have been threatened by tuberculosis for a long time. However, as the mortality rising gradually, especially those from depressed area, this problem is getting more seriously as time goes by. Death count that can be attributed to tuberculosis every year is more than the summation of those for AIDS, malaria, diarrhea and tropical diseases. In addition to x-ray photograph and test of skin tubercle bacillus, sputum test is currently the major way to diagnose tuberculosis. This method includes smear dyeing of mycobacteria and germiculture. However, sputum test suffers from low sensitivity and long sample preparations and detection time. To make things worse, it usually takes more than a month to get a complete report due to the repeated tests needed. The opportune moment is wasted due to this long wait period required. With the growing number of people suspect the effect of BCG vaccine, it is necessary to develop new methods to handle large number of tubercle bacillus detection. The rapidly advancing biochip technique is a promising and inevitable step.
The development trends of biochip-related technique are as follows. (1) Use non-contact technique to avoid unintended interactions with the sample. (2) To achieve high sensitivity by having wide bandwidth capability and small probe volumes. At the same time as the worldwide trend to reduce of the sample for biochip, opto-electric technique is getting to be the most suitable detection method. Out of all these opto-electronic techniques, surface plasmon resonance, ellispsometry, and waveguide interferometry developed within the last year are some of the most promising techniques for wide spread use.
Therefore, this sub-project will pursue the research on the development of the TBMorph (Tuberculosis Morph) in coordination with the main project to pursue the research on adopting the “Opto-BioMorphin” in epidemic detection and drug development. In order to make TBMorph reliable and robust, cross calibration would be made by using the instruments own by Bio-NEMS Group, like EP3 based on ellipsometry, GWC based on SPR, and Anilight Bio200 based on Waveguide Interferometry. By these procedures, the requirements for mass epidemic detection and for drug development could be achieved. On the other hand, the table of crosslink between these machines could also be established, and the ability of the drug development would be promoted. In addition, this team will also devote its efforts to reduce the size of this system and increase its accuracy. Ellipsometer and Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection will be integrated to build this Optomecharonic system to improve its performance, and therefore this instrument is called ESPR (Ellipsometer Surface Plasmon Resonance). Besides, this sub-project will use ESPR to develop the drug of Tuberculosis so that a system that can be used both in the detection and drug development of Tuberculosis.