摘要:摘要
地景保育景點調查、登錄及建檔工作,由行政院農業委員會自民國83年7月1日起實施「地景保育統籌計畫」,目的在於推動台灣特殊地質、地形景點保育工作。在此計畫下成立了「地質保育組」,由地球科學相關科系之大學教授、經濟部中央地質調查所、農委會保育科等共同組成。地景保育統籌計畫的選址流程大致參考皇家自然保育學會(Royal Society for Nature Conservation,RSNC)(1993)的方法,將台灣分成北、中、南、東四區,由四組專家學者進行分區的景點登錄工作,登錄表格則參考英國國家地質景點登錄計畫(National Scheme for Geological Site Documentation, NSGSD)(Stanley, 1992)。自83年7月起至今,依據選定的登錄格式,已經針對四個區域進行特殊地質、地形現象之調查、登錄工作。截自88年6月底,總計登錄了320個景點。
上述工作完成後,「地景保育小組」委員依「地景保育景點內容、分類選取準則及其相對重要性」(王鑫,1996a)進行分類、分級以及評鑑選址的工作,決定最後的地景保育景點。同時,藉由地景保育景點之分類、分級,予以管理及維護,以避免不當的開發所造成的破壞。景點的內容分成地層、化石、構造、礦物、岩石、地形、文化地景、地質災害遺跡等8類。每一類中有其選取準則,並依照相對重要性排列。根據委員們的評鑑結果,再依景點的重要性將景點分為國家級、省級與縣市級,並進行管理保護分級,分別提供研究、教學及觀光遊憩的需求。在調查、登錄的320個景點中,景點等級評定為A級的有17個景點,B級的有97個景點,C級的有197個景點,D級的有9個景點(含景點可與臨近或相似合併,不必單列的有5處,不宜列的有4處)。另外關於登錄景點保護程度劃分方面,需一級保護的有12處景點,二級保護的景點有80處,而需要三級保護的有220處景點,至於未被列為景點且暫時無需特別予以保護的景點有8處。北部地區台北及桃園縣共登錄了31處地景景點(如表一)。
表一 北部登錄地景一覽表
編號 地景名稱 編號 景名稱
1 貴子坑
17 花瓶嶼
2 北投地熱谷
18 淡水竹圍紅樹林
3 小油坑
19 台北縣石門
4 馬槽崩坍地
20 野柳
5 大油坑
21 和平島及八斗子
6 四磺坪(死磺子坪)溫泉區
22 金瓜石礦山
7 磺嘴山
23 鼻頭角公園
8 庚子坑的硫氣孔
24 龍洞岬
9 十分瀑布群
25 三貂角--北關海岸
10 北縣大華壺穴
26 桃園海岸珊瑚礁
11 東勢格山
27 草漯沙丘
12 烏來及信賢瀑布
28 三峽十八洞天溪谷
13 小烏來瀑布
29 草嶺山
14 基隆嶼
30 溪口台
15 彭佳嶼
31 桃園縣十三分廢礦區
16 棉花嶼
本計畫將針對北區登錄地景景點檢討及更新,並進行資源現況調查,劃定地景區的範圍及可能面臨威脅的問題,並提出相關經營管理的建議。透過地景重新與檢討後,根據評鑑之標準分別予以進行分類、分級的評鑑的工作,並且完成地景登錄、評鑑資料庫及地景資料庫,有助於後續地景保育工作,重新規劃北區景點如何成為數個完整具有地質公園架構的範圍。
Abstract: Abstract
The investigation, register and data filing works of the landscape preservation implement by “the landscape preservation plan” on the council of Agriculture Executive Yuan (COA) from July 1, 1994. The goal of the project is to promote the preservation works of the unique geology and landscape in Taiwan. COA has established “the geological preservation group” under this plan including professor with geosciences department in the university, Ministry of Economic Affairs (MOEA), and Preservation Family in the COA. The procedures of the selected sites in the plan refer to methods of the Royal Society for Nature Conservation (RSNC; 1993). From the method, the landscape in Taiwan will be dividing to four areas: northern, central, southern, and eastern area. The data of each area will be to register by each of the four groups. The format of the register table is referring to National Scheme for Geological Site Documentation, England (NSGSD; Stanley, 1992). From July 1994 until now, according to the format, they survey the landscape of the four areas and register data. Until end of June 1999, The 320 landscapes were registered.
After work was finished above, the committee members of landscape preservation group depend on rule of the “The site contents and classification selected criterion of landscape preservation with relative important” (Wang, 1996) to classification, to grade the landscapes, and to estimate sites. Finally, they could be to decide the landscape preservation sites. At the same time, by classification and graduation of the landscape preservation, we can manage and to keep complete landscape and avoids the destruction which the improper development. The contents of the landscape could be divide eight classes are stratigraphy, fossil, structure, mineral, rock, geomorphology, cultural landscape, and geological hazard marks. Each class has their selected criterion. Depend on relative importance of the classes to arrange in order. According to result of committee members and landscape importance, landscapes were being to divide to national level, province level, and county and city level. By difference level has difference protection standards and provides difference demands for research, teaching, and tourism. In 320 landscapes sites which was register and investigation could be separate to A level has 17 sites, B level has 97 sites, C level has 197 sites, and D level has 9 sites. From the protection degree aspect, the landscapes divide to first level has 12 sites, second level has 80 sites, third level has 220 sites, and another has 8 sites which protect is not necessary particularly. In the northern area including the Taipei and Taoyuan County has register 31 landscape sites (for example Table one).
Table 1 landscape on the northern area
No. Landscape Name No. Landscape Name
1 Guizikeng 17 Huaping Islet
2 Beitou Hell Valley 18 Danshuizhuwei Mangrove
3 Hsiaoyuken 19 Taipei County Shimen
4 Matsao Landslide 20 Yeliu
5 Tayuken 21 Heping island and Badouzi
6 Suhuangtsuchi spring 22 Jinguashi Mountain
7 Huangtsuishan 23 Bitoujiao Park
8 Kentzepin vapor hole 24 Longdong promontory
9 Shifen waterfall group 25 Sandiaojiao-Beiguan coast
10 Taipei County Tahua pot hole 26 Taoyuan coast coral reef
11 Dongshige Mountain 27 Caolei sand dune
12 Wulai and Xinxian waterfall 28 Sanxia shibadongtian valley
13 Hsiaowulai water 29 Caoling Mountain
14 Keelung Islet 30 Xikou platform
15 Pengjia Islet 31 Taoyuan County shisanfen paleo-mining area
16 Mianhua Islet
This plan will discuss and renewal the existence of the register landscape in the northern area. Then we will to investigate the resources situation and to delimit range of the landscape, to face the questions which are possibly threatens. We will to bring the proposal about the management and operation, too. After the landscapes were renewal and discussed. According to evaluate standard, we can to proceed classification and level of the landscape. The register, evaluate database, and landscape database that would be done will help that the future preservation and renewal to construct the several and complete framework of the geological parks.