Thermal detoxification of hazardous metal sludge by applied electromagnetic energy
Resource
Chemosphere 71 (9): 1693-1700
Journal
Chemosphere
Journal Volume
71
Journal Issue
9
Pages
1693-1700
Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Abstract
Industrial wastewater sludge was treated by microwave processes to enhance the stabilization of laden copper. The effects of additives, processing time, microwave adsorbents, moisture content, reaction atmosphere, and cooling gas were investigated. The stabilization results were significantly enhanced by metal powder additives, prolonged microwave processing time, proper moisture content, the addition of carbonaceous materials, and a reaction environment with inert gas. It was also found that the moisture content would increase the homogeneity of applied microwave energy, and thus achieve a better overall efficiency between stabilizing agents and copper. The added metal powders may reduce Cu(II) to Cu(0) in the sludge or TCLP. The resulting thermal energy of microwave radiation, and microarcing process and the oxidation heat of Al powder may also assist the transformation of Cu(II) into CuO and CuAl2O4 phases. Part of the sludge was vitrified within inert gas environment when the processing time was longer than 18 min and active carbon dosage was more than 3 g. Reduction reactions also occurred in the hybrid microwave processes, leading to the reduction of sulfates and metal ions, and the formation of Cu2S and FeS. Moreover, the microwave radiation can also enhance the feasibility of co-treating of inorganic and organic solid waste. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Copper; Industrial wastewater sludge; Microwave; Stabilization
SDGs
Other Subjects
Copper; Copper compounds; Moisture; Sewage sludge; Industrial wastewater sludge; Thermal detoxification; Wastewater treatment; adsorbent; aluminum; carbon; copper; copper derivative; iron derivative; metal; metal ion; sulfate; Copper; Copper compounds; Moisture; Sewage sludge; Wastewater treatment; activated carbon; detoxification; electromagnetic method; hazardous waste; industrial waste; metal; oxidation; sludge; solid waste; stabilization; wastewater; article; atmosphere; biotransformation; cooling; dangerous goods; detoxification; electromagnetic field; feasibility study; microwave irradiation; moisture; oxidation; powder; reaction analysis; reduction; sludge; solid waste; waste water management; Adsorption; Electromagnetics; Hazardous Substances; Industrial Waste; Metals; Sewage
Type
journal article
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