Realization of exceeding 80% external quantum efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes using high-index substrates and highly horizontal emitters
Journal
Organic Electronics
Journal Volume
89
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Wang B.-K
Abstract
Although both high-index substrates and horizontal-dipole emitters have been shown to be facile approaches for enhancing OLED (organic light emitting diode) light extraction, the full benefits and potential of their combination for OLED optical out-coupling have not been thoroughly studied and explored. Simulation studies indicate that very high optical coupling efficiency into substrates ?sub (and perhaps similarly high OLED external quantum efficiencies) of ~90% can be possibly obtained with both high-index substrates (refractive index >1.8–1.9) and highly horizontal-dipole emitters (horizontal dipole ratio >85%), together with adoption of low-index or index-matching carrier transport layers and optimization of organic layer and transparent electrode thicknesses. With these judicious device design conditions, all waveguided modes and surface plasmon modes in devices can be effectively suppressed for optimal optical out-coupling. Finally, combining the sapphire substrate having high index of n~1.78, the recently developed OLED emitters having high horizontal emitting dipole ratio of up to 87%, and simple external extraction lens, OLED devices having external quantum efficiency of over 80% was successfully realized. ? 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Subjects
Efficiency; Organic light emitting diodes (OLED); Quantum chemistry; Refractive index; Sapphire; Substrates; Surface plasmons; Transparent electrodes; External quantum efficiency; High-index substrates; Horizontal dipoles; Light extraction; Optical coupling efficiency; Sapphire substrates; Simulation studies; Surface plasmon modes; Quantum efficiency
Type
journal article