Inflorescence Culture, Adventitious Shoot Formation, and in Vitro Acclimatization of Aglaonema
Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Huang, Hsiao-Wei
Abstract
Using inflorescences as explants would offer great promise to Aglaonema plants, which could be mass-propagated from a single inflorescence without significant damage to the mother plants. The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the effects of explant size, and concentrations of macro-element, carbohydrate, and plant growth regulators in the medium on callus induction of Aglaonema inflorescences, 2) to determine the effects of macro-element, NAA, and cytokinin concentrations on shoot multiplication from granular callus, and 3) to measure the photosynthesis and growth of plants which had been cultured under different in vitro sucrose concentrations and photosynthetic photon flux. Using young, basal portion of male flowers (4 to 5 cm) as explants and normal polar orientation resulted in maximum granular callus. Maxium granular callus of male flowers were achieved in half strength MS medium containing 2 % sucrose. Medium supplemented with 15 µM TDZ and 10 µM Dicamba resulted in maxium granular callus of male flowers in Aglaonema ‘Silver Bay’, and with 10 µM TDZ and 10 µM Dicamba in Aglaonema ‘White Tip’. More granular callus induction was obtained from female flowers than male flowers in both cultivars. Dicamba and TDZ were required for granular callus in male and female flowers, respectively in 13 cultivars or hybrid lines treated. Maximum shoot number and longest shoot length were recorded when granular callus was treated with 5 to 10 µM BA. Full MS medium containing 2% sucrose, 10 µM NAA and 10 µM CPPU resulted in maximum shoot number of Aglaonema ‘White Tip’. Shoot number increased with increasing CPPU concentration from 0 to 10 µM CPPU, but shoot number decreased with 15 or 20 µM CPPU. Medium with 15 or 20 µM TDZ resulted in rosetted clusters with small and curved leaves. In vitro bud clusters of Aglaonema ‘White Tip’ were obtained in medium supplemented with 2%, 4% or 6% sucrose concentrations for 90 days. Plants cultured with 2% sucrose in vitro reduced shoot number and root length at transfer, but had greater growth than those obtained from 4% or 6% sucrose after 60 days of transfer. Leaf Fv/Fm value decreased slowly in the early period after transfer and increased rapidly in plants obtained from the 2% sucrose treatment. The net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of in vitro-form leaves increased during acclimatization in all plants. Howerer, plants obtained from the 2% sucrose treatment had substantial higher photosynthetic rate than plants from 4% or 6% sucrose. Plants of ‘White Tip’ were acclimatized in vitro for 90 days under fluorescent tubes providing PPF of 25, 50 or 100 µmol•m-2•s-1. Plants under 25 µmol•m-2•s-1 in vitro had greater growth at transfer, while those under 100 µmol•m-2•s-1 grew better after 100 days of transplant, as compared with other PPF treatments. Plants under 100 µmol•m-2•s-1 had lower SPAD-502 reading at transfer, however, the SPAD-502 reading increased rapidly and higher than other PPF treatments. In vitro-form leaves of plants under 100 µmol•m-2•s-1 had higher net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate during acclimatization than those of plants under 25 or 50 µmol•m-2•s-1.
Subjects
Aglaonema
Inflorescence Culture
Acclimatization
Type
thesis
File(s)![Thumbnail Image]()
Loading...
Name
ntu-97-R95628127-1.pdf
Size
23.53 KB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):689f1d158cb0d960c82fd17470cb14a2