Assessing hepatic fibrosis: comparing the intravoxel incoherent motion in MRI with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging in US

Objectives: This study compared the diagnostic performance of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in ultrasound (US) for liver fibrosis (LF) evaluation. Methods: A total of 49 patients scheduled for liver surgery were recruited. LF in the non-tumorous liver parenchyma at the right lobe was estimated using a slow diffusion coefficient, fast diffusion coefficient (Dfast), perfusion fraction (f) of the IVIM parameters, the total apparent diffusion coefficient of conventional diffusion-weighted imaging and the shear wave velocity (Vs) of ARFI. LF was graded using the Metavir scoring system on histological examination. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient for correlation and analysis of variance was used for determining difference. The diagnostic performance was compared using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results: LF exhibited significant correlation with the three parameters Dfast, f, and Vs (r = ?0.528, ?0.337, and 0.481, respectively, P < 0.05). The Dfast values in the F4 group were significantly lower than those in the F0, F1 and F2 groups. Dfast exhibited a non-inferior performance for diagnosing all fibrosis grades compared with that of Vs. Conclusions: Both IVIM and ARFI provide reliable estimations for the noninvasive assessment of LF. Key Points: ? Liver fibrosis can be diagnosed and graded using noninvasive imaging modalities. ? ARFI and IVIM can be incorporated into routine examinations. ? IVIM can differentiate liver cirrhosis from none to moderate liver fibrosis. ? The diagnostic performances of IVIM and ARFI are equal. ? 2015, European Society of Radiology.