Hepatitis B virus genotypes and variants
Journal
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine
Journal Volume
5
Journal Issue
5
Pages
a021436
Date Issued
2015
Author(s)
Lin C.-L.
Abstract
At least 10 hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes (A to J) with distinct geographic distributions and several HBV mutants, including precore/core promoter mutations and pre-S/S deletion mutations, have been recognized to be not only predictive of liver disease progression but also associated with response to antiviral therapy. HBV genotype-specific pathogenesis may contribute to heterogeneous clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis B patients across the world. For example, patients with HBV genotypes C and D infection have a lower rate of spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion. In addition, HBV genotypes C and D have a higher frequency of core promoter and pre-S mutations than genotypes A and B. Genotypes C and D also carry a higher lifetime risk of cirrhosis and HCC development than genotypes A and B. Core promoter and pre-S mutations also correlate with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therapeutically, genotypes A and B patients have a better response to interferon-based therapy than genotypes C and D patients, but the response to nucleos(t)ide analogs is comparable across different HBV genotypes. In conclusion, HBV genotypes and variants may serve as viral genetic markers to predict disease progression as well as help practicing physicians optimize individualized antiviral therapy in clinical practice. ? 2015 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved.
SDGs
Other Subjects
antivirus agent; hepatitis B(e) antigen; interferon; nucleoside analog; nucleotide derivative; biological marker; hepatitis B(e) antigen; virus DNA; Article; chronic hepatitis B; disease course; gene deletion; gene mutation; genetic marker; genetic variability; geographic distribution; Hepatitis B virus genotype A; Hepatitis B virus genotype B; Hepatitis B virus genotype C; Hepatitis B virus genotype D; human; liver cell carcinoma; liver cirrhosis; nonhuman; personalized medicine; promoter region; risk factor; seroconversion; treatment outcome; treatment response; virus mutant; virus pathogenesis; blood; classification; genetics; genotype; hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; liver cell carcinoma; liver tumor; mutation; virology; Hepatitis B virus; Antiviral Agents; Biomarkers; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Disease Progression; DNA, Viral; Genotype; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Mutation; Promoter Regions, Genetic
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
Type
journal article