Intramyocellular Lipids, Insulin Resistance, and Functional Performance in Patients with Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Journal
NATURE AND SCIENCE OF SLEEP
Journal Volume
12
Pages
69
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
Purpose: An increasing number of studies have linked the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with metabolic dysfunction. However, little is known about the lipid compartments (intramyocellular [IMCL] and extramyocellular [EMCL] lipids) inside the musculature in these patients. The present study was designed to investigate the IMCL and EMCL, biochemical data, and functional performance in patients with severe OSA, and to examine the correlations between intramuscular lipid contents and test variables. Participants and Methods: Twenty patients with severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI]: ?30/h; body mass index [BMI]: 26.05±2.92) and 20 age-and BMI-matched controls (AHI <5/h) were enrolled. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to measure the IMCL and EMCL of the right vastus lateralis muscle. Biochemical data, including levels of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), were measured. Insulin resistance index (IR) was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment method. Performance tests included a cardiopulmonary exercise test and knee extension strength and endurance measurements. Results: Patients with severe OSA had significantly (P<0.05) lower values of IMCL (14.1 ±5.4 AU) and EMCL (10.3±5.8 AU) compared to the control group (25.2±17.6 AU and 14.3 ±11.1 AU, respectively). Patients with severe OSA had significantly higher hsCRP, IR, and dyslipidemia compared with controls (all P<0.05). Furthermore, IMCL was negatively correlated with AHI, cumulative time with nocturnal pulse oximetric saturation lower than 90% (TSpO2<90%) (ρ=?0.35, P<0.05), IR (ρ=?0.40, P<0.05), glucose (ρ=?0.33, P<0.05), and insulin (ρ=?0.36, P<0.05), and positively correlated with lowest oximetric saturation (ρ=0.33, P<0.01). Conclusion: Skeletal muscle dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities were observed in patients with OSA that did not have obesity. IMCL was positively correlated with aerobic capacity and muscular performance, but negatively correlated with AHI and IR. Large-scale clinical trials are required to explore the complicated mechanism among OSA, intramuscular metabolism, and insulin action. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00813852. ? 2020 Chien et al.
Subjects
H-1 magnetic resonance spectroscopy; insulin resistance; obstructive sleep apnea; skeletal muscle
SDGs
Publisher
DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD
Type
journal article