A Study of the Healthy Eating Behaviors and Regular Physical Activity Behaviors of Persons with Prediabetes Based on Health Belief Model
Date Issued
2016
Date
2016
Author(s)
Yang, I-Jung
Abstract
Background: Diabetes has been the fourth to fifth leading cause of death in Taiwan for several years. Preventive intervention can delay or reduce the incidence of diabetes. The health belief model can affect whether people engage in healthy eating and regular physical activity; therefore, it can be used to guide the design of action programmes. Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between health belief, self-efficacy, cues to action and healthy eating behaviors, and regular physical activity behaviors in people with prediabetes, and to investigate the associations between those behaviors and current fasting glucose level. Methods: A cross-sectional study and purposive sampling were employed, and 129 participants with impaired fasting glucose were recruited from the Zhonghe District Public Health Center in New Taipei City. A structured questionnaire, including the Health Belief Scale, Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale, and Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II, was used to collect data, which were analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Results: Data were collected from October to December 2015, and 125 valid questionnaires were returned, resulting in a valid response rate of 96.9%. Some personal characteristics were found to significantly affect health beliefs. Healthy eating and regular physical activity were determined to be associated with self-efficacy (r = .48/.66, p < .01) and perceived barriers (r = −.36/−.41, p < .01). Multiple regression analysis revealed that greater diet-related self-efficacy, more cues to action, older age, fewer perceived barriers, and female sex were significantly associated with healthy eating, explaining 42.0% of the total variance; self-efficacy was the most influential variable, explaining 23.0% of the variance. Multiple regression analysis revealed that greater exercise-related self-efficacy, activity experience, fewer perceived barriers, and received examination year were significantly associated with regular physical activity, explaining 50.0% of the total variance; self-efficacy was the most influential variable, explaining 43.0% of the variance. Among the participants who had healthy eating and regular physical activity scores both higher than the means in 2013, those with a higher rate of fasting glucose exhibited a result that is less than 100 mg/dL during the current study period. Conclusions: The self-efficacy and perceived barriers of the health belief model can explain the healthy eating and regular physical activity of those with prediabetes. In addition, suggestions for practice can be derived from the study findings.
Subjects
Prediabetes
health belief model
cues to action
self-efficacy
healthy eating
regular physical activity
fasting glucose
SDGs
Type
thesis
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