臭氧及PM1/PM2.5/PM10氣懸微粒之暴露及健康風險評估─子計畫一:臭氧總暴露量之評估
Other Title
Total Exposur e Assessment of Ozone
Date Issued
1999-07-31
Date
1999-07-31
Author(s)
王秋森
DOI
882621Z002010
Abstract
Since 1998, ozone has become the main
air pollutant in downwind areas of major
metropolitan centers in Taiwan. In view of
the potential health effects of ozone on
children, we studied the ozone exposure of
the 5th and 6th grade students in Taipei by
measuring the ozone concentrations in
ambient and indoor environments, as well as
the concentration of ozone to which the
students were exposed.
Four primary schools in Chung-shan
district in Taipei were selected randomly for
this study. The homes of the students who
participated in this study used only natural
ventilation, and had no ozone generating
devices, such as photocopiers and
electrostatic precipitators. During
November 20, 1998 to March 25, 1999, the
indoor and outdoor ozone concentrations for
the homes and classrooms and the
concentration of ozone to which the students
were exposed were determined by Ogawa
passive samplers. Each sample was
collected for 24 hours. The total number of samples was 220. The sampling technique
is based on the oxidation reaction of nitrite
with ozone molecules which diffuse into the
sampler. After sampling, each sample was
extracted with deionized water and then
analyzed for nitrate by ion chromatography.
The ozone concentrations during sampling
were then calculated.
When there are no indoor ozone
sources, the ratio of the mean concentration
of ozone between indoor and outdoor
depends on the transport of ozone from
outdoor into indoor, the chemical reactions
involving ozone and the ozone sink in the
indoor environment. The main factors
affecting the transport of ozone from outdoor
into indoor are the open areas of windows
and doors and the length of time they are
opened. The ratio of the open area of
windows and doors to the house floor area
and the ratio of the time during which
windows and doors were opened to the
sampling time were combined to obtain a
door/window factor. The factor was then
correlated with the indoor to outdoor ratio of
ozone concentration.
Three mathematical models were
developed for predicting personal ozone
exposure. The parameters used in model A
were measured mean ozone concentrations at
indoor, outdoor, and a nearby monitoring
station, while models B and C used fewer
parameters.
The results show that the coefficient of
determination for the relationship between
the door/window factor and the ratio of the
mean ozone concentrations between indoor
and outdoor was 0.77 for residential houses
and 0.69 for classrooms, and the P values
were both under 0.01. The coefficient of
determination for the correlation between
mean exposure concentration predicted by
model A and measured values was 0.71, with
P value lower than 0.01.
Subjects
Ozone
Total Ozone Exposure
Indoor/Outdoor Ratio of Ozone
Concentration
Concentration
Door/Window Factor
Passive Sampler
SDGs
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學公共衛生學院公共衛生學系
Type
report
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