Synthesis of Pentiptycene-incorporated Polyanilines for Application as the Electrode Materials of Supercapacitors
Date Issued
2014
Date
2014
Author(s)
Tsai, Jun-Yun
Abstract
Supercapacitors have evolved as the premier choice for energy storage devices because of high power density and fast charge/discharge ability. To achieve high charge capacitance, the nature of the electrodes should be of high conductivity, surface area, and electrochemical stability. Conducting polymers such as polyaniline (PANI) have the advantages of low cost and low environmental impacts. However, the electrochemical stability is generally a limitation of conducting polymers. To solve the problem, we have introduced the rigid and nonplanar pentiptycene scaffolds to PANI to improve the electrochemical stability and meanwhile to enhance the capacitance. Two pentiptycene derivatives APAN and TAP were prepared and electrocheical copolymerization of them with aniline on ITO led to the linear PPANI and star-shaped SPPANI, respectively. In the presence of PCBM during the polymerization, the polymer films correspond to SPPANI-PCBM and PPANI-PCBM, respectively.
According to cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry and electrochemical impendance spectroscopy, PPANI and SPPANI display higher specific capacitance, energy density, stability and lower electrical and ionic resistance than PANI. Unlike the fibrillar and loose morphology probed by TEM and SEM for PANI, PPANI and SPPANI display granular-like and compact morphology. When PCBM is present in the solution for electrochemical polymerization, the SEM images of PPANI-PCBM show larger size of particles. In contrast, the morphology of SPPANI-PCBM is not much different from that of SPPANI. Since PPANI-PCBM displays improved specific capacitance, energy density, and stability, it appears that the supermolecular interactions between APAN and PCBM play an important role in the improved supercapacitor properties.
Subjects
超電容器
導電高分子
聚苯胺
五苯荑分子
Type
thesis
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