Study on the Bioavailability and Metabolism of Nano/sub-microsized Lignan Glycosides from Sesame Meal
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Liao, Chia-Ding
Abstract
Recently nanotechnology is quickly developing. However, research on bioavailability and metabolism of nanofoods are quite limited. Sesame meal is the by-product of the extracting process of sesame oil. In this study, crude extract of lignan glycosides from sesame meal (LGSM) was the material to be nanosized. Zirconium bead with 0.3 mm diameter was the milling media employed. The average particle size of 1% LGSM aqueous suspension reduced rapidly from around 2 μm to 200 nm after media milling with agitation speed at 3600 rpm for 30 min. In the stability study, the effect of surfactants on LGSM nano/sub-microsuspension stored at 4℃ for 14 days was investigated by sediment height, turbidity, zeta potential and particle size distribution. Results showed that 1-2% sugar ester (HLB=11) had the best effect to stabilize nanosuspension. In the Caco-2 cell monolayer model study, higher transport and absorption efficiency of sesaminol triglucoside (ST), which is the main component in LGSM, were found after nano/sub-microsizing. In the pharmacokinetic study, LGSM and nano/sub-microsized LGSM (N-LGSM) were administered separately to SD rats via intravenous injection and tube feeding. The plasma concentration of ST was assayed by HPLC method. Results showed that maximum concentration, area under plasma concentration-time curve and bioavailabilities of ST in N-LGSM were higher than those in LGSM. The bioavailability of ST in LGSM and N-LGSM were 0.18±0.03% and 0.26±0.04%, respectively. In the tissue distribution study, higher concentration of ST and its metabolites (sesaminol, sesaminol sulfate, sesaminol glucuronide, enterodiol and enterolactone) were found in N-LGSM in most organs, especially liver and small intestine. In the excretion study, the maximum excretion period of ST occurred 8-12 hr after tube feeding. The concentration of ST and its metabolites in N-LGSM were higher in urine and lower in feces compared to those in LGSM. This study clearly showed that LGSM is more bioavailable after nano/sub-microsizing. In addition, both LGSM and N-LGSM (800 mg/kg bw) had antioxidative activity against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage in SD rats. Treatment of LGSM or N-LGSM for 30 days reduced malondialdehyde level in liver and plasma and increased the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase in liver. N-LGSM had higher antioxidative activity than LGSM, which might be due to its higher bioavailability.
Subjects
Nanotechnology
sesame meal
bioavailability
metabolites
antioxidative activity
Type
thesis
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