Assessing arsenic-related skin lesions risk in children from drinking water consumption in arseniasis-endemic areas
Date Issued
2008
Date
2008
Author(s)
Lin, Tzu-Ling
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to predict and assess the arsenic-related children skin lesions risk from drinking water and estimate the safe drinking water arsenic standard below 18 years old children. Chronic arsenic exposure and skin lesions (such as hyperpigmentation and keratosis) are inextricably linked. We established the relationship among arsenic exposure dose, age and effects of children skin lesions with Weibull model based on arsenic epidemiological data in West Bengal, India. We assessed the safe drinking water arsenic standard for children with Weibull model and linked Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to estimate children organ-specific arsenic concentrations varied with methylating activity and drinking water consumption rates. This study present an integrated approach by using Weibull model-based framework on the basis of gender/age-specific epidemiological data on arsenic exposure, skin lesions prevalence, and using PBPK model to predict monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)) levels in urine to estimate the likelihood risk obtained from studies conducted in arseiasis-endemic in West Bengal, India. A life-stage PBPK model is used to describe the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the metabolites: arsenate (As(V)), arsenite (As(III)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)), monomethylarsonous acid (MMA(III)), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)), and dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)) in target tissue groups, considering the potential impact by physiologically life-stage differences. We calculated odds ratio (OR) to assess the relative magnitude of the effect of the arsenic exposure on the likelihood of the prevalence of children skin lesions. The results show that arsenic exposure dose, age and cumulative prevalence ratio of the hyperpigmentation and keratosis are correlated significantly (R2=0.91-0.96). On the other hands, arsenic exposure dose raised followed cumulative prevalence ratio. The safe arsenic drinking water standards were estimated to be 2.2, 6 respectively for 0-6 years males and females as well as 1, and 2.8 μg/L respectively for 7-18 years males and females based on the index skin lesions of male hyperpigmentation with cumulative prevalence ratio equals 10-3. Risk predictions indicate that estimated ORs have 95% confidence intervals of 1.83−5.20, 2.03−20.97,nd 3.50−21.10 based on mean drinking water arsenic concentrations of 283.65,82.65, and 468.81 μg/L, respectively, in West Bengal, Bangladesh, and southwesternaiwan. Our finding also suggests that increasing urinary MMA(III) levels aressociated with an increase in risks of arsenic-induced children skin lesions. Thistudy offers an environmental risk management framework to suggest regulations anddministrating process by linking arsenic epidemiological data.
Subjects
Arsenic Exposure
Children
Skin lesions
Methylation Capacity
Weibull
PBPK
Risk assessment
West Bengal (India)
SDGs
Type
thesis
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