Serological responses to revaccination with hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccines among HIV-positive individuals whose anti-HAV antibody waned after primary vaccination
Journal
Liver International
Journal Volume
38
Journal Issue
7
Pages
1198-1205
Date Issued
2018
Author(s)
Chen G.-J.
Liu W.-C.
Abstract
Background: Among HIV-positive individuals, seroprotection for hepatitis A virus (HAV) following primary vaccination may wane with time. However, seroresponses to HAV revaccination are rarely investigated among HIV-positive patients who have lost protective antibodies after primary vaccination. Methods: During the outbreak of acute hepatitis A in Taiwan after June 2015, HAV-seronegative, HIV-positive individuals were advised to receive two doses of HAV vaccines at 24?weeks apart. A retrospective 1:2 matched case-control study was conducted to compare the seroresponses at weeks 4, 24, 28 and 48 of HAV vaccination between those who underwent revaccination after having lost protective antibodies (case patients) and those who underwent primary vaccination (controls). Results: Seventy-five case patients and 150 matched controls were included. The serological response rates were consistently higher among the case patients than controls: 88.1% vs 10.5% at week 4 following the first dose of HAV vaccination (P?<.001); 93.3% vs 46.0% at week 24 (immediately before the second dose; P?<.001); 98.7% vs 62.7% at week 28 (4?weeks after the second dose; P?<.001) and 98.7% vs 92.7% at week 48 (P?=.06). The anti-HAV antibody titres as reflected by the semi-quantitative assay for the case patients were also significantly higher than the controls at weeks 24, 28 and 48 following HAV vaccination. Conclusions: We demonstrated faster and better serological responses to HAV revaccination among the HIV-positive individuals who had lost their anti-HAV antibodies after primary vaccination. Single dose of HAV revaccination may provide rapid and sufficient seroresponses for HAV during the outbreak of acute hepatitis A. ? 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Other Subjects
hepatitis A antibody; hepatitis A vaccine; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis A antibody; hepatitis A vaccine; acute hepatitis A; adult; antibody titer; Article; case control study; CD4 lymphocyte count; cohort analysis; controlled study; female; follow up; human; Human immunodeficiency virus infected patient; major clinical study; male; retrospective study; revaccination; seroconversion; serology; syphilis; blood; complication; epidemic; epidemiology; hepatitis A; Hepatitis A virus; Human immunodeficiency virus infection; male homosexuality; secondary immunization; seroepidemiology; Taiwan; virology; Adult; Case-Control Studies; Disease Outbreaks; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis A Antibodies; Hepatitis A Vaccines; Hepatitis A virus; HIV Infections; HIV Seropositivity; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Immunization, Secondary; Male; Retrospective Studies; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Taiwan
Publisher
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Type
journal article