Exploration of the native fungal pathogens for biocontrol of Mikania micrantha HBK
Date Issued
2014
Date
2014
Author(s)
Wang, Yi-Ju
Abstract
Mikania micrantha, an invasive weed originated from the southern America, was initially introduced into Taiwan around 1970 as cover vegetation. However, due to the highly competitive colonization capacity and entangling capability, M. micrantha would prevent the photosynthesis of the invaded agro-forest crops, leading to host death and severe deterioration of the eco-balance. In the past, physical slash or chemical herbicides were the major control measures used to control the invasive weed in Taiwan. In other aspects, the potential of several Mikania specific feeding-insects, such as mikania thrip ( Aleurodaphis mikaniae)、lamp moth (Aglaomorpha histrio formosana) and gall fly(Cecidochares connexa), have been investigated for biocontrol in Malaysia and Taiwan. In addition, more recently, Mikania parasitic rust Puccinia spegazzinii has been introduced from UK, CABI(Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau International) into India, Papua New Guinea and Taiwan for classic biocontrol since 2005 thereafter. Currently, the population of the rust released in Taiwan has been established and infected the Mikania weed in nine counties in central and southern Taiwan. The biocontrol efficacy of the rust P. spegazzinii in Taiwan is under surveillance and monitering. Attempt to integrate the control of Mikania weed by local fungal pathogens, by an inundative biocontrol method to enhance the biocontrol efficacy, we conducted survey, isolation and characterization of the native fungal pathogens by traditional morphological characteristics and molaculer markers. Furthermore, via Koch’s postulates, we proved the pathogenicity of several obtained fungal pathogens, ie. Alternaria tenuissima, Cercospora coniogrammes, Phoma multirostrat aand Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae by a detached leaf inoculation method and seedling inoculation in laboratory or in greenhouse. The host specificity of these fungal pathogens torward Mikania weed will be tested and formulation will be further optimized for field application to control the invasive weed.
Subjects
biological control
invasive weeds
bioherbicide
Mikania micrantha
Type
thesis
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