Recent advances in developing nanoscale electro-/photocatalysts for hydrogen production: modification strategies, charge-carrier characterizations, and applications
Journal
Nanoscale
Journal Volume
16
Journal Issue
39
Start Page
18213-18250
ISSN
2040-3364
2040-3372
Date Issued
2024
Author(s)
Mohammed-Ibrahim Jamesh
Haihang Tong
Shella Permatasari Santoso
Wenxin Niu
Ji-Jung Kai
Chang-Wei Hsieh
Fang-Fang Li
Bin Han
Juan Carlos Colmenares
Hsien-Yi Hsu
Abstract
For clean hydrogen (H2) production, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis are widely regarded as promising technologies to counter the increasing energy crisis. However, developing applicable catalysts with high H2 production performances still poses a challenge. In this review, state-of-the-art nanoscale electrocatalysts for water electrolysis and photocatalysts for water splitting, tailored for different reaction environments, including acidic electrolytes, alkaline electrolytes, pure water, seawater, and hydrohalic acids, are systematically presented. In particular, modification approaches such as doping, morphology control, heterojunction/homojunction construction, as well as the integration of cocatalysts and single atoms for efficient charge transfer and separation are examined. Furthermore, the unique properties of these upgraded catalysts and the mechanisms of promoted H2 production are also analyzed by elucidating the charge carrier dynamics revealed by photophysical and photoelectrochemical characterization methods. Finally, perspectives and outlooks on future developments for H2 production using advanced electrocatalysts and photocatalysts are proposed.
SDGs
Publisher
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Type
journal article