Effects of baicalin & wogonin in the regulation of spontaneous sleep
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Chang, Han-Han
Abstract
Baicalin and wogonin are active compounds originated from the root of traditional Chinese herb Scrutellaria baicalensis Georgi. They have been used in anti-inflammation, anti-bacteria, anti-hypertension, anti-allergy and sedative actions since ancient China. Baicalin and wogonin possess abilities to decrease the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activity. It has been described that baicalin and wogonin are both the free radical scavengers and exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. It has also been demonstrated that the anxiolytic-like effect of baicalin is mediated by GABAA receptors. The activity of GABAergic sleep-active neurons is related to sleep regulation. In the homeostatic sleep regulation, cytokines, especially IL-1β and TNF-α, plays an important role in the regulation of slow wave sleep (SWS). However, there is a lack of evidence linking baicalin and wogonin to the sleep regulation. The purpose of this study is investigating the underlying mechanism of baicalin and wogonin on spontaneous sleep.e respectively i.c.v. injected baicalin and wogonin into brain and EEG-defined sleep-wake activities were collected. Our results indicated that both baicalin and wogonin exhibited a biphasic effect on spontaneous sleep, a initiate phase and a late phase of sleep regulation. In the initiate phase, the time spent in SWS during hours 1~2 of the light period were decreased from 63.19 ± 3.62 %, obtained after vehicle (DMSO), to 47.73 ± 6.88 % acquired after administration of baicalin 20 mins prior to light onset. Besides, the time spent in SWS were increased during hours 8~12 of dark period from 17.03 ± 1.86 %, obtained after DMSO, to 26.6 ± 2.63 % acquired after injection of baicalin prior to dark onset. Wogonin also exhibited a similar sleep-wake regulation as that of baicalin. When we administrated Baicalin+IL-1β，we investigated the increasing of NREMS of IL-1β disappeared. When wogonin+IL-1β was given, the effects on NREMS was the same. And the IL-1β ELISA result demonstrated the IL-1β concentration of hypothalamus, hippocampus and cortex was not changed after administration of baicalin. After we injected wogonin at dark-onset and injected GABAA antagonist, bicuculline, or GABAB antagonist, 2-hydroxysaclofen, during the middle of dark period (7th hour), the increasing of NREMS of wogonin’s effect decreased he observation elucidated that both wogonin and baicalin exhibited dual responses to regulate sleep-wake activity; an initiate phase to suppress SWS during the light period and a late phase to enhance SWS during the dark period. We demonstrated that the anti-inflammatory effect of wogonin and baicalin may be involved in the regulation of the initial phase. they may be interfere the function of IL-1β receptor or blocked it. And wogonin may be somehow have some mechanism to interfere the secretion of GABA in the brain of the late phase response.
Subjects
Scrutellaria baicalensis Georgi
sleep
Type
thesis
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