Toxicokinetics/toxicodynamics of arsenic for farmed juvenile milkfish Chanos chanos and human consumption risk in BFD-endemic area of Taiwan
Resource
Environment International 32 (4): 545-553
Journal
Environment International
Journal Volume
32
Journal Issue
4
Pages
545-553
Date Issued
2006
Date
2006
Author(s)
Abstract
This paper presents a toxicokinetic/toxicodynamic analysis to appraise arsenic (As) bioaccumulation in farmed juvenile milkfish Chanos chanos at blackfoot disease (BFD)-endemic area in Taiwan, whereas probabilistic incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and hazard quotient (HQ) models are also employed to assess the range of exposures for the fishers and non-fishers who eat the contaminated fish. We conducted a 7-day exposure experiment to obtain toxicokinetic parameters, whereas a simple critical body burden toxicity model was verified with LC50(t) data obtained from a 7-day acute toxicity bioassay. Acute toxicity bioassay indicates that 96-h LC50 for juvenile milkfish exposed to As is 7.29 (95% CI: 3.10-10.47) mg l- 1. Our risk analysis for milkfish reared in BFD-endemic area indicates a low likelihood that survival is being affected by waterborne As. Human risk analysis demonstrates that 90%-tile probability exposure ILCRs for fishers in BFD-endemic area have orders of magnitude of 10- 3, indicating a high potential carcinogenic risk, whereas there is no significant cancer risk for non-fishers (ILCRs around 10- 5). All predicted 90%-tiles of HQ are less than 1 for non-fishers, yet larger than 10 for fishers which indicate larger contributions from farmed milkfish consumptions. Sensitivity analysis indicates that to increase the accuracy of the results, efforts should focus on a better definition of probability distributions for milkfish daily consumption rate and As level in milkfish. Here we show that theoretical human health risks for consuming As-contaminated milkfish in the BFD-endemic area are alarming under a conservative condition based on a probabilistic risk assessment model. ? 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Arsenic; Blackfoot disease; Human health; Milkfish; Probabilistic risk assessment; Toxicity; Toxicodynamics; Toxicokinetics
SDGs
Other Subjects
Bioassay; Contamination; Diseases; Risk assessment; Sensitivity analysis; Toxicity; Bioaccumulation; Blackfoot disease (BFD); Hazard quotient (HQ); Human health; Incremental lifetime cancer risk; Probabilistic risk assessment; Toxicodynamics; Toxicokinetics; Arsenic; arsenic; arsenic; bioaccumulation; carcinogen; consumption behavior; disease; fish; juvenile; risk factor; toxicological phenomena; acute toxicity; analytical parameters; article; bioaccumulation; blackfoot disease; cancer risk; carcinogenic activity; controlled study; endemic disease; environmental exposure; fish; food intake; hazard assessment; health hazard; nonhuman; priority journal; probability; risk assessment; statistical model; survival; Taiwan; toxicokinetics; Asia; Eurasia; Far East; Taiwan; Chanos chanos
Type
journal article
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