Study of Hyperadrenocorticism in Dogs and Cats
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Lien, Yu-Hsin
Abstract
Hyperadrenocorticism, also known as Cushing’s disease, can be classified into 3 types: pituitary dependent HAC, adrenocortical carcinoma or adenoma, and iatrogenic HAC. In our area, the most common type of HAC is pituitary dependent HAC and iatrogenic HAC. CTH stimulation test is the only validated test to differentiate from these 2 types of HAC. The study compared cortisol response to two doses (5 and 10μg/kg) of synthetic ACTH stimulation in healthy dogs and those diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism. The results showed that ACTH stimulation using 5 μg/kg synthetic ACTH was effective in clinically healthy dogs and those diagnosed with hyperadrenocorticism.ituitary-dependent HAC was mainly managed by medically treatment. To evaluate the effectiveness of ketoconazole as a treatment for dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH). Medical records of dogs with PDH that were treated with ketoconazole were retrospectively studied. 90% dogs had evidence of clinical improvement during the treatment period. In all dogs, treatment with ketoconazole resulted in significantly lower serum cortisol concentrations as measured before and after ACTH stimulation testing. Serum ALKP and ALT activities significantly decreased after treatment with ketoconazole. The median survival time after diagnosis of PDH was 25 months. Ketoconazole was a safe and effective option for treating dogs with PDH.igh-fasting blood glucose concentrations are commonly associated with insulin antagonism in hyperadrenocorticism. The study investigated glycosylated hemoglobin concentrations in clinically healthy dogs and in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism and/or diabetes mellitus. The effect of trilostane treatment on glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin concentration in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism was also evaluated. Hemoglobin A1c concentrations were significantly different among the clinically healthy dogs, dogs with non-diabetic hyperadrenocorticism, and diabetic dogs. Trilostane treatment decreased hemoglobin A1c concentrations of dogs with non-diabetic hyperadrenocorticism, but not glucose concentrations. The applicability of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c concentrations may be of clinical value in assessment of PDH management. atrogenic hyperadrenocorticism is an extremely rare condition in cats. Twelve cats with a medical history of progressive skin lesions and long-term treatment with corticosteroids were retrospectively studied. Noncutaneous signs in the cats were variable and included anorexia, lethargy, polydipsia, polyuria, and atrophy of the thigh muscles. Laboratory abnormalities included leukocytosis, elevated alanine aminotransferase levels, and hyperglycemia. Transient diabetes mellitus was a secondary complication in four cats, and transient hypothyroidism was suspected in four cats. The mean time for remission of signs was 4.9 months after corticosteroid withdrawal.
Subjects
Hyperadrenocorticism
Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism
Iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism
SDGs
Type
thesis
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