Effects of antihypertensive drugs on specific harmonic indices of the pulse waveform
Date Issued
2012
Date
2012
Author(s)
Wang, Sheng-Hung
Abstract
According to the report of the Department of Health, hypertension and its complications have long been the main causes of mortality in our society. Antihypertensive therapy has been associated with reductions in myocardial infarction for 25 percent, stroke incidence for 40 percent and heart failure for 50 percent. therefore the prevention and treatment of hypertension is always an important issue. The accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) is the sine qua non for successful management. The radial or brachial pressure is commonly used as a noninvasive index to measure BP instead of central aortic pressure. However, in some clinic trial of vasodilator treatments, the BP measured on the peripheral radial artery often overestimates that measured on the central artery. This study which is based on the resonance theory evaluates the aging and antihypertensive drugs effect on pressure pulse waveform by harmonic analysis.
In the study of the age-related changes in specific harmonic indices of pressure pulse waveform, we defined the harmonic proportions (Cn) as the ratio of the amplitude of the n-th harmonic (An) to the mean value of the pressure pulse (A0). A0 and C1 increased but C3 and C4 decreased with ageing. These results suggest these harmonic indices could be similar to AI which corresponds to the pressure pulse waveform affected from ageing. The harmonic indices could be clinically useful in non-invasive cardio risk assessing for the elderly patients. In the study of the effects of antihypertensive drugs, we used a self-comparison method and harmonic analysis to compare the BP wave before and after the injection of antihypertensive in normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. BP decreased significantly after the injection of each of these drugs. Atenolol significantly reduced all the harmonic proportions of the pulse wave, while captopril and losartan significantly increased C4. These findings are the same as those reported for human subjects and confirm that the animal model and harmonic analysis of the pressure pulse is a useful method to study the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs. In the study of the effects of the Chinese herbal formula Tian Ma Gou Teng Yin (TGY), the respective effects of atenolol and TGY in WKY and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were studied for comparison. TGY which was similar to atenolol decreased the BP, heart rate and all of the Cn values in WKY. In contrast, TGY decreased the BP and increased C2, C3 and C4 at the same time in SHR. These results show that the Chinese herb formula can improve the circulation in weak organs. At last in the study of the new formula, BP was decreased significantly after feeding new formula. The diastolic blood pressure decreased more then that of the systolic blood pressure and C4 was increased significantly. These results prove the hypothesis that to lower blood pressure by enhancing the lung meridians in traditional Chinese medicine.
In this study we present a procedure and indices to evaluate the effect of antihypertensive drugs and new Chinese herb formula for hypertension treatment. In the future, more clinic test would be done for proving the curative effect of the new formula.
Subjects
hypertension
resonance theory
animal model
harmonic index
traditional Chinese medicine
antihypertensive drug
SDGs
Type
thesis
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