Single-cell analysis of peri-implant gingival tissue to assess implant biocompatibility and immune response.
Journal
Journal of prosthodontic research
Journal Volume
69
Journal Issue
1
Start Page
97
End Page
109
ISSN
2212-4632
Date Issued
2025-01-10
Author(s)
Wang, Li-Tzu
Juang, Sin-Ei
Chang, Hsuan-Hao
He, Ai-Chia
Chen, Wei-An
Huang, Yu-Wen
Van Dyke, Thomas E
Ma, Kevin Sheng-Kai
Abstract
Purpose: The innate immune response, particularly the reaction of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), is crucial in shaping the outcomes of chronic inflammation, fibrosis, or osseointegration following biomaterial implantation. Peri-implantitis or peri-implant mucositis, inflammatory conditions linked to dental implants, pose a significant threat to implant success. We developed a single-cell analysis approach using a murine model to assess the immune response to implant materials, offering a practical screening tool for potential dental implants. Methods: We performed bioinformatics analysis and established a peri-implant inflammation model by inserting two titanium implants into the maxillary region, to examine the immune response. Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that titanium implants triggered a host immune response, primarily mediated by PMNs. In the in vivo experiments, we observed a rapid PMN-mediated response, with increased infiltration around the implants and on the implant surface by day 3. Remarkably, PMN attachment to the implants persisted for 7 days, resembling the immune profiles seen in human implant-mediated inflammation. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that persistent attachment of the short-living PMNs to titanium implants can serve as an indicator or traits of peri-implant inflammation. Therefore, analyzing gingival tissue at the single-cell level could be a useful tool for evaluating the biocompatibility of candidate dental implants.
Subjects
Implant biocompatibility
Peri-implantitis
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)
Screening platform
Titanium
Type
journal article