The Governance of Country and Frontier Society: An investigation of Chin Kuang Fu organization and Kuang Tai Cheng organization in Northern and Central Taiwan from 1834 to 1920.
Date Issued
2011
Date
2011
Author(s)
Lai, Yu-ling
Abstract
After taking over Taiwan , Qing regime launched its governance of Taiwan with poor central government financial resources. The aboriginal boundary between aborigines and Han settlers was drawn in 1722 (Kangxi 61st Year). The whole process indicated that the border policy of Qing regime in Taiwan was in vain and there were numerous conflicts between aborigines and Han immigrants. The aboriginal boundaries were set and reset from time to time in Qing dynasty. The boundaries represented the front lines of waste land development and the country. They also continuously moved forward to inner mountains. A frontier society that was dominated and controlled by Han Chinese was formed to develop the wasteland. Taking Chin Kuang Fu organization and Kuang Tai Cheng organization in Hsinchu and Miaoli as main focus, this dissertation aims at conducting a longitudinal and cross-regional analysis and comparison of organizations during different periods of time in Qing dynasty from 1834 to 1920.
Based upon methods of prohibition, partition, and separation, population separation in border regions of Taiwan was applied gradually from a loose population separation to a solid separation that was controlled by armed forces. Such separation served as a final protective line for the Qing regime in order to strength its governance, constrain activities in Han people, and manager the relationships between aborigines and Han immigrants. Furthermore, in the processes of paddy field in the border regions of Taiwan , the governance of Qing regime was achieved by enhanced participation of local agencies and by collaborations between government and organizations. Because of global marketing and economic interests, the aboriginal regions were forced to open later. Qing regime gradually started to collaborate with those organizations in the border regions of Taiwan . The policy of separation in the 18th century went away in the 19th century. The control of border regions relied on the assistance from the border regions.
In mountainous regions, profits of camphor were the main purpose of waste land development. In order to make some profit and achieve governance, the establishments of Chin Kuang Fu organization and Kuang Tai Cheng organization in late Qing dynasty served as a platform between government and local agencies. In the case of Chin Kuang Fu organization, the majority was Hakka settlers and those settlers that were from the same ancestral home as their leaders were more favorable. In contrast, in the case of Kuang Tai Cheng organization, such regional identity was not that obvious except in the Zhuolan area. They were united under Hakka identity and incorporated with each other through waste land development. These were characteristics of frontier society in the border regions. The impact of leaders and resources development may bring new insights into the development of Hakka community in the mountainous regions of Taiwan .
Subjects
Chin Kuang Fu organization
Kuang Tai Cheng organization organization
Frontier
Border region
Type
thesis
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