Studies of Copper Removal from Wastewater in the Fluidized-Bed Reactor
Date Issued
2005
Date
2005
Author(s)
Lee, Chia-I
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
In this study, a fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) was employed to treat copper-containing wastewater by mean of copper precipitation on the surface of sand grains and adsorpted by manganese-coated sand (MCS).
In the study of copper crystallization on the sand surface, the conditions for optimum copper removal efficiency were also investigated. This technology was controlled so as to keep supersaturation low to induce the nucleated precipitation of copper coating on the sand surface in an FBR. The effects of relevant parameters, such as the pH value, the molar ratio of [CT] to [Cu], hydraulic loading and the types of chemical reagents used, were examined. The experimental results indicated that 96% copper removal efficiency could be achieved when the influent copper concentration was 10 mg/L. The optimum chemical reagent was Na2CO3; the molar ratio of [CT]/[Cu] was 2, and the optimal hydraulic loading was not be more than 30 m/h. In addition, preventing homogeneous nucleation in the FBR was an important operation parameter. Homogeneous nucleation and molecular growth would lead to undesirable microparticle formation in the effluent. A good mixture of carbonate and copper in the presence of sand grains could reduce the level of homogeneous nucleation in the bottom of the reactor. Energy Dispersive Analysis (EDS) of X-rays provided insight into the copper coating on the sand surface, and element analysis indicated the weight percentages of CuCO3 and Cu(OH)2 in precipitate are 46% and 54%.
Besides, by using of MCS to treat copper containing wastewater, it was performed in a fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) filled with MCS to treat copper-contaminated wastewater. The adsorption characteristics of MCS, the adsorption equilibrium of MCS, and the copper removal capacity by MCS in FBR were investigated. In terms of the adsorption characteristics of MCS, the surface of MCS was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Energy Dispersive Analysis (EDS) of X-rays indicated the composition of MCS, and the quantity of manganese on MCS was determined by means of acid digestion analysis. The experimental results indicated that copper was removed by both sorption (ion exchange and adsorption) and coprecipitation on the surface of MCS in FBR. Copper removal efficiency was highly dependent on the pH and increased with increasing pH from pH 2 to 8. After the copper adsorption by MCS, the pH in solution was decreased. When the MCS concentration was greater than 10 g/L, the copper adsorptivities obtained by FBR were almost the same as that from the shaker and when the MCS concentration reached 40 g/L, the copper adsorptivity in FBR was greater than that from the shaker. The adsorption sites of MCS could be used efficiently by the FBR. A Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation fit the measured adsorption data from the batch equilibrium adsorption test better than the Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation did. In addition, the adsorption rate increased when the influent wastewater was aerated.
Subjects
流體化床反應槽
過飽和
沉澱
均相成核
錳砂
吸附
Fluidized-bed reactor
copper removal
supersaturation
precipitation
homogeneous nucleation
manganese-coated sand
adsorption
SDGs
Type
thesis
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