Advances in the diagnosis of gestational trophoblastic tumors and tumor-like lesions
Journal
Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics
Journal Volume
3
Journal Issue
4
Pages
371-380
Date Issued
2009
Author(s)
Shih I.-M.
Abstract
Background: Gestational trophoblastic tumors and tumor-like lesions are derived from trophoblastic cells and are composed of different trophoblastic subpopulations. Recent histopathological and molecular studies indicate that these trophoblast-related lesions recapitulate the differentiation of normal trophoblast in early placenta development. Objective: To distinguish trophoblastic tumors from other types of neoplastic disease and differential diagnosis among different types of trophoblastic lesion are important as far as treatment plans are concerned. Methods: This article reviews the histopathological features of these trophoblastic lesions and recent advances in the trophoblast-associated markers, which are helpful in differential diagnosis. Results/conclusion: Histopathologic features serve as the basis in the diagnosis of various types of trophoblastic lesion. In difficult cases, a stepwise immunohistochemistry approach, called trophogram, may prove useful in assisting the differential diagnosis. ? 2009 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved.
Subjects
Differential diagnosis; Gestational trophoblastic tumor; Gynecologic pathology; Trophoblastic disease
SDGs
Other Subjects
biological marker; chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit; cyclin E; human placenta lactogen; hydroxyl delta 5 steroid dehydrogenase; Ki 67 antigen; luteinizing hormone; oxidoreductase; protein p63; steroid hormone; unclassified drug; algorithm; benign tumor; cancer staging; cell infiltration; cell population; cell structure; choriocarcinoma; cytotrophoblast; differential diagnosis; endocrine tumor; epithelioid trophoblastic tumor; exaggerated placental site; histopathology; human; hydatidiform mole; hysterectomy; immunohistochemistry; immunophenotyping; incidence; pathogenesis; placental site nodule; prognosis; review; scoring system; steroidogenesis; syncytiotrophoblast; trophoblastic tumor; tumor classification; tumor diagnosis; urinalysis; world health organization
Type
review