Characterization of a sulfated galactoglucan from Antrodia cinnamomea and its anticancer mechanism via TGFβ/FAK/Slug axis suppression
Journal
Carbohydrate Polymers
Journal Volume
167
Pages
229-239
Date Issued
2017
Author(s)
Lu, M.-K.; Lin, T.-Y.; Hu, C.-H.; Chao, C.-H.; Hsu, H.-Y.
Abstract
A sulfated 1,4-β-D-galactoglucan (B86-III) with 1,6-branches was isolated and identified from Antrodia cinnamomea. The repeating unit of B86-III was proposed based on one-dimensional 1D (1H, 13C and DEPT-135) and 2D (DQF-COSY, TOCSY, HSQC and HMBC) NMR spectra. The conformation of the sugars was hypothesized to be a rare boat form instead of a 4C1 chair form. The sulfate substitutions were suggested to be on the C-2 and C-3 positions, resulting in the following structure: [Figure presented] B86-III inhibited the viability of H1975 lung cancer cells via cell apoptosis, including the activation of caspase 3 and PARP. Transforming growth factor β receptor (TGFR) and its downstream signaling FAK and Slug are involved in lung tumorigenesis. B86-III downregulated TGFR I protein levels and inhibited FAK phosphorylation, resulting in inhibition of Slug expression and migration. This study is the first to characterize sulfated polysaccharides with a rare boat-form conformation and identify the mechanism of inhibition lung cancer cell. ? 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Subjects
Antrodia cinnamomea; Lung cancer; Slug; Sulfated polysaccharides; Transforming growth factor β receptors (TGFRs)
SDGs
Other Subjects
Boats; Cell death; Cells; Diseases; Enzyme inhibition; Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; Polysaccharides; Antrodia cinnamomea; Lung Cancer; Slug; Sulfated polysaccharides; Transforming growth factors; Biological organs; antineoplastic agent; bacterial polysaccharide; focal adhesion kinase 1; galactan; galactoglucan; glucan; PTK2 protein, human; SNAI1 protein, human; transcription factor Snail; transforming growth factor beta; Antrodia; apoptosis; cell survival; chemistry; human; lung tumor; metabolism; pathology; signal transduction; tumor cell line; Antineoplastic Agents; Antrodia; Apoptosis; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; Galactans; Glucans; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Signal Transduction; Snail Family Transcription Factors; Transforming Growth Factor beta
Type
journal article