Interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) is involved in thectivation of phosphatidylserine receptor (PSR) andromoting the apoptotic cell clearance during infectiousancreatic necrotic virus (IPNV) infection
Date Issued
2009
Date
2009
Author(s)
Gong, Sin-Jia
Abstract
Many researches show that virus infection can induce cell to process apoptosis and it is quite important to do apoptotic cell clearance effectively that can maintain normal tissue homeostasis and regulation of immune response. There is a marker called phosphatidylserine (PS) that can be recognized by a receptor on the macrophage or neighboring cell. The receptor that can recognize PS is called phosphatidylserine receptor (PSR). Theoretically, the PSR expression of neighboring cell beside the apoptotic cell increases to clean the apoptotic cells. However, at present, virus infected how to induce PSR to express still unknown yet. Some researches examined that dsRNA virus infection dramatically can upregulate interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) as a transcription factor. It presumes that the massive expression of IRF-1 is involved in the regulation of anti-viral genes’ expression which the PSR is one of them. tudies of fish cells in our lab last decade found that double-stranded RNA virus IPNV infection can cause apoptosis in CHSE-214 cells. However, IPNV-induced cell death how to correlate to upregulate the PSR and IRF-1 is still unclear. The purpose of our study is to realize the expression pattern of PSR in salmonid cells during IPNV infection and whether immune regulating factor can participate in PSR gene expression to help the clearance of apoptotic cells and the progressing of anti-inflammation response. We can observe apoptosis in infective cells and both PSR and IRF-1 are increasing with virus infection in the same time. To analyze the transcription factor of PSR promoter constitution, we can find that it contains IRF-1 binding sites. After treating cells with IRF-1 morpholino, the IRF-1 expression is suppressed and the expression pattern of PSR shows delay and the expressing quantity of virus shows increasing trend. Therein, it can assume that the PSR expression in salmonid cells during IPNV infection is through IRF-1 binding on the PSR promoter to activate. Therefore, IPNV infection can induce two pathways; one is apoptosis pathway, and another is to induce interferon pathway by its dsRNA. The IRF-1 of the latter can regulate PSR expression which involving in apoptotic cell clearance to approach anti-viral effects. The results of this study show that PSR expression is through the IRF regulation and it also determines the viral expression quantity. Overall, the PSR actually plays a role for the clearance of apoptotic cells that makes it have a capacity for antiviral effects.
Subjects
apoptosis
phosphatidylserine (PS)
phosphatidylserine receptor (PSR)
interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1)
transcription factor
double- stranded RNA virus (dsRNA virus)
morpholino
interferon (IFN)
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