A Portable System to Monitor Saliva Conductivity for Dehydration Diagnosis and Kidney Healthcare
Journal
Scientific reports
Journal Volume
9
Journal Issue
1
Pages
14771-
Date Issued
2019
Author(s)
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a major issue in long-term healthcare. It is caused by recurrent kidney injury, which is possible induced by dehydration and heat stress. Therefore, it is important to access the dehydration diagnosis on fields. Conventional instruments for assessing dehydration from blood and urine samples are expensive and time-consuming. These disadvantages limit their applications in high-risk groups susceptible to kidney disease. To address this unmet need, this study presents a portable miniaturized device for dehydration diagnosis with clinical saliva samples. With co-plane coating-free gold electrodes, the dehydration diagnosis was achieved with a saliva specimen at low volumes (50–500 μL). To examine the characteristics, the developed device was assessed by using standard conductivity solutions and the examined variation was <5%. To validate the use for field applications, saliva samples were measured by the developed device and the measured results were compared with standard markers of serum osmolality (N = 30). These data indicate that the measured saliva conductivity is consistent with serum osmolality. And it shows significant difference between healthy adults and healthy farmers (p < 0.05), who typically suffer high risks of CKD. Based on this work, the proposed device and measurement offer a useful method to diagnosis dehydrations and indicate possible potential for CKD. ? 2019, The Author(s).
SDGs
Other Subjects
chemistry; chronic kidney failure; dehydration; devices; electric conductivity; electrochemical analysis; electrode; equipment design; human; kidney; pathology; saliva; Dehydration; Electric Conductivity; Electrochemical Techniques; Electrodes; Equipment Design; Humans; Kidney; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Saliva
Type
journal article