Homogeneous selection drives antibiotic resistome in two adjacent sub-watersheds, China
Journal
Journal of Hazardous Materials
Journal Volume
398
Date Issued
2020
Author(s)
Abstract
Rivers are a significant reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), yet the biogeographic pattern of riverine ARGs and its underlying driving forces remain poorly understood. Here, we used metagenomic approach to investigate the spatio-temporal variation of ARGs in two adjacent sub-watersheds viz. North River (NR) and West River (WR), China. The results demonstrated that Bacitracin (22.8 % of the total ARGs), multidrug (20.7 %), sulfonamide (15.2 %) and tetracycline (10.9 %) were the dominant ARG types. SourceTracker analysis indicated that sewage treatment plants as the main source of ARGs, while animal feces mainly contributed in spreading the ARGs in the upstream of NR. Random forest and network analyses confirmed that NR was under the influence of fecal pollution. PCoA analysis demonstrated that the composition of ARGs changed along with the anthropogenic gradients, while the Raup–Crick null model showed that homogenizing selection mediated by class 1 integron intI1 resulted in stable ARG communities at whole watershed scale. Structural equation models revealed that microbial community, grassland and several non-antibiotic micropollutants may also play certain roles in influencing the distribution of ARGs. Overall, the observed deterministic formation of ARGs in riverine systems calls effective management strategies to mitigate the risks of antibiotic resistance on public health. ? 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Subjects
Antibiotic resistance genes; Class 1 integron intI1; Jiulong River; Micropollutants; SourceTracker
Other Subjects
Decision trees; Health risks; Public risks; River pollution; Rivers; Sewage treatment plants; Sulfur compounds; Watersheds; Antibiotic resistance; Antibiotic resistance genes; Effective management; Microbial communities; Riverine systems; Spatio-temporal variation; Structural equation models; Watershed scale; Antibiotics; aminoglycoside antibiotic agent; antibiotic agent; arsenic; bacitracin; chloramphenicol; chromium; copper; dissolved oxygen; DNA 16S; fosmidomycin; phosphorus; rifamycin; selenium; sulfonamide; surface water; tellurium; tetracycline; trimethoprim; vancomycin; antiinfective agent; anthropogenic effect; antibiotic resistance; antibiotics; fecal coliform; sewage treatment; water pollution; watershed; activated sludge; antibiotic resistance; antibiotic resistome; Article; Bacteroides; Blautia; catchment area; China; Clostridiaceae; Clostridium; electric conductivity; environmental factor; feces; grassland; Lactococcus; metagenomics; microbial community; nonhuman; nutrient loading; Oscillospira; random forest; sewage treatment plant; Streptococcus; water pollution; water quality; watershed; animal; bacterial gene; genetics; river; China; Animalia; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; China; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Genes, Bacterial; Rivers
Type
journal article