Degradation and Mineralization of Carbamazepine Using an Electro-Fenton Reaction Catalyzed by Magnetite Nanoparticles Fixed on an Electrocatalytic Carbon Fiber Textile Cathode
Journal
Environmental Science and Technology
Journal Volume
52
Journal Issue
21
Pages
12667-12674
Date Issued
2018
Author(s)
Abstract
Pharmaceutical wastes are considered to be important pollutants even at low concentrations. In this regard, carbamazepine has received significant attention due to its negative effect on both ecosystem and human health. However, the need for acidic conditions severely hinders the use of conventional Fenton reagent reactions for the control and elimination of carbamazepine in wastewater effluents and drinking water influents. Herein, we report of the synthesis and use of flexible bifunctional nanoelectrocatalytic textile materials, Fe 3 O 4 -NP@CNF, for the effective degradation and complete mineralization of carbamazepine in water. The nonwoven porous structure of the composite binder-free Fe 3 O 4 -NP@CNF textile is used to generate H 2 O 2 on the carbon nanofiber (CNF) substrate by O 2 reduction. In addition, ·OH radical is generated on the surface of the bonded Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) at low applied potentials (-0.345 V). The Fe 3 O 4 -NPs are covalently bonded to the CNF textile support with a high degree of dispersion throughout the fiber matrix. The dispersion of the nanosized catalysts results in a higher catalytic reactivity than existing electro-Fenton systems. For example, the newly synthesized Fe 3 O 4 -NPs system uses an Fe loading that is 2 orders of magnitude less than existing electro-Fenton systems, coupled with a current efficiency that is higher than electrolysis using a boron-doped diamond electrode. Our test results show that this process can remove carbamazepine with high pseudo-first-order rate constants (e.g., 6.85 h -1 ) and minimal energy consumption (0.239 kW·h/g carbamazepine). This combination leads to an efficient and sustainable electro-Fenton process. Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society.
Other Subjects
Amides; Carbon fibers; Carbon nanofibers; Effluents; Electrodes; Energy utilization; Free radicals; Iron oxides; Magnetite; Magnetite nanoparticles; Mineralogy; Nanocatalysts; Potable water; Rate constants; Textiles; Water treatment; Weaving; Boron doped diamond electrodes; Catalytic reactivity; Degree of dispersion; Electro-Fenton process; Orders of magnitude; Pharmaceutical wastes; Pseudo first order rate constants; Wastewater effluents; Oxidation; carbamazepine; carbon fiber; hydroxyl radical; magnetite nanoparticle; water; carbamazepine; carbon fiber; hydrogen peroxide; catalysis; catalyst; chemical compound; concentration (composition); drug; electrode; electrokinesis; magnetite; mineralization; nanoparticle; pollutant removal; reaction kinetics; wastewater treatment; Article; carbonization; catalyst; controlled study; current density; cyclic potentiometry; degradation; dispersion; electrospinning; energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy; Fenton reaction; field emission scanning electron microscopy; limit of detection; mineralization; particle size; surface property; synthesis; transmission electron microscopy; X ray powder diffraction; catalysis; ecosystem; electrode; oxidation reduction reaction; textile; water pollutant; Carbamazepine; Carbon Fiber; Catalysis; Ecosystem; Electrodes; Hydrogen Peroxide; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Oxidation-Reduction; Textiles; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Type
journal article