Optimal sampling schedule for chemical exchange saturation transfer
Journal
Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Journal Volume
70
Journal Issue
5
Pages
1251-1262
Date Issued
2013
Author(s)
Abstract
The sampling schedule for chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging is normally uniformly distributed across the saturation frequency offsets. When this kind of evenly distributed sampling schedule is used to quantify the chemical exchange saturation transfer effect using model-based analysis, some of the collected data are minimally informative to the parameters of interest. For example, changes in labile proton exchange rate and concentration mainly affect the magnetization near the resonance frequency of the labile pool. In this study, an optimal sampling schedule was designed for a more accurate quantification of amine proton exchange rate and concentration, and water center frequency shift based on an algorithm previously applied to magnetization transfer and arterial spin labeling. The resulting optimal sampling schedule samples repeatedly around the resonance frequency of the amine pool and also near to the water resonance to maximize the information present within the data for quantitative model-based analysis. Simulation and experimental results on tissue-like phantoms showed that greater accuracy and precision (>30% and >46%, respectively, for some cases) were achieved in the parameters of interest when using optimal sampling schedule compared with evenly distributed sampling schedule. Hence, the proposed optimal sampling schedule could replace evenly distributed sampling schedule in chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging to improve the quantification of the chemical exchange saturation transfer effect and parameter estimation. Magn Reson Med 70:1251-1262, 2013. ? 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Copyright ? 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Subjects
Chemical analysis
Finance
Frequency allocation
Natural frequencies
Accuracy and precision
Accurate quantifications
Arterial spin labeling
Bloch-mcconnell equations
Chemical exchange saturation transfer
Magnetization transfer
Optimal sampling
Quantitative modeling
Saturation magnetization
algorithm
article
chemical exchange saturation transfer
controlled study
in vitro study
measurement accuracy
molecular imaging
nuclear magnetic resonance imaging
phantom
quantitative analysis
radiofrequency
sampling
signal noise ratio
simulation
spectrometer
theoretical model
Bloch-McConnell equations
magnetization transfer
optimal sampling schedule
Algorithms
Creatine
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Sample Size
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
Type
journal article