The Molecular Landscape Influencing Prognoses of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Journal
Biomolecules
Journal Volume
11
Journal Issue
7
Date Issued
2021
Author(s)
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the major increasing lethal malignancies of the gynecological tract, mostly due to delayed diagnosis and chemoresistance, as well as its very heterogeneous genetic makeup. Application of high-throughput molecular technologies, gene expression microarrays, and powerful preclinical models has provided a deeper understanding of the molecular characteristics of EOC. Therefore, molecular markers have become a potent tool in EOC management, including prediction of aggressiveness, prognosis, and recurrence, and identification of novel therapeutic targets. In addition, biomarkers derived from genomic/epigenomic alterations (e.g., gene mutations, copy number aberrations, and DNA methylation) enable targeted treatment of affected signaling pathways in advanced EOC, thereby improving the effectiveness of traditional treatments. This review outlines the molecular landscape and discusses the impacts of biomarkers on the detection, diagnosis, surveillance, and therapeutic targets of EOC. These findings focus on the necessity to translate these potential biomarkers into clinical practice.
Subjects
biomarker; epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC); genome/epigenome; mutation; personalized medicine; therapeutic targets
Biomarker; Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC); Genome/epigenome; Mutation; Personalized medicine; Therapeutic targets
Other Subjects
adavosertib; afatinib; aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzyme 1; APC protein; apolipoprotein A1; axin; axitinib; B Raf kinase; beta catenin; CA 125 antigen; capivasertib; CD24 antigen; cetuximab; chemokine receptor CXCR1; chemokine receptor CXCR2; cobimetinib; crizotinib; cyclin D1; cyclin dependent kinase 4; cyclin dependent kinase 6; cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A; cyclin E; dabrafenib; epidermal growth factor receptor 2; epidermal growth factor receptor 3; epidermal growth factor receptor 4; erdafitinib; frizzled protein; G protein coupled receptor; gelatinase A; gelatinase B; immunoglobulin enhancer binding protein; indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase; interleukin 6; interleukin 8; ipilimumab; K ras protein; kruppel like factor 5; mammalian target of rapamycin; mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2; matrix metalloproteinase; mesothelin; mitogen activated protein kinase; multidrug resistance protein 1; nerve cell adhesion molecule; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide adenosine diphosphate ribosyltransferase inhibitor; nivolumab; olaparib; osteopontin; ovalbumin; palbociclib; pertuzumab; phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5 trisphosphate 3 phosphatase; phosphatidylinositol 4,5 bisphosphate 3 kinase; platelet derived growth factor beta receptor; programmed death 1 ligand 1; protein kinase B beta; protein tyrosine kinase; regorafenib; retinoblastoma binding protein 2; RING finger protein; rucaparib; sapanisertib; scatter factor; STAT3 protein; STAT5 protein; sunitinib; taselisib; telomerase reverse transcriptase; temsirolimus; trametinib; transcription factor Mash1; transcription factor PAX5; trastuzumab; tumor marker; vasculotropin; vasculotropin receptor 1; vasculotropin receptor 2; vasculotropin receptor 3; vemurafenib; vimentin; vismodegib; Wnt6 protein; DNA; tumor marker; Akt/mTOR signaling; angiogenesis; apoptosis; cancer epidemiology; cancer stem cell; canonical Wnt signaling; capillary electrophoresis; cell differentiation; cell invasion; cell migration; cell proliferation; chemoluminescence; copy number variation; DNA methylation; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; epithelial mesenchymal transition; extracellular matrix; gene mutation; high throughput screening; human; JAK-STAT signaling; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; MAPK signaling; matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry; mRNA expression level; NF kB signaling; oncogene N ras; ovary carcinoma; Pi3K/Akt signaling; progression free survival; Review; RNA sequencing; Sanger sequencing; transvaginal echography; tumor microenvironment; ultra performance liquid chromatography; animal; female; genetics; metabolism; ovary tumor; Animals; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial; DNA Methylation; DNA, Neoplasm; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms
Type
review