Taiwan Air Pollution Emissions Related to Energy Conversions and Uses
Date Issued
2005
Date
2005
Author(s)
Hseih, Pei-Ying
DOI
zh-TW
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss the energy of supply and demand under the present conditions in Taiwan and analyze the energy flow applying the energy data in 2003. Since Taiwan is not rich in domestic energy supply, more than 90% of the energy which Taiwan uses relying on importation of fossil fuels, it is clear that the subject of how to make the use of energy more efficiency and reduce the emissions of air pollution is a significant problem in Taiwan. There is no doubt about the supply and demand of energy is the subject of a country’s strategy for sustainable development. In the past our country always focuses on how to obtain abundant energy, this way of supply-side decision-making has neglected the impact of energy conversion and energy efficiency on the environment.
Industrial, transportation and residential/commercial sector which use the kinds of energy including electricity, coal and coal by-products, crude oil and its products, and natural gas are three major kinds of energy demand blocks. According to Thermodynamics, internal combustion engine, external combustion engine and electrical engine have their specific energy conversion efficiencies, and also there are two forms of energy, work and heat, offer on end-use demand side. In this way, the different distribution of energy would influence the total energy demand and the emission of pollution. This study employs energy flow analysis, using different energy distribution according to the demand under the present conditions to understand the feasibility of more efficient energy use. The more energy we save, the less fossil fuel we consume, and the less emission of air pollution and CO2. To the energy topic at present of Taiwan, this is a scheme of win-win. The thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine（including Diesel and petrol engine）which the transportation sector in present Taiwan mainly relies on is about 25~28％, while the thermal efficiency of the power generation sector is about 35~40％. This distinction appears that if we change the energy of transportation sector’s demand from petroleum to electricity, we could reduce the reliance of energy on importation and disposal of pollutants. Furthermore, future power generation sector will generally use super-critical thermal cycle plant, its thermal efficiency is up to 45~50％. In this way, the benefit of using the electric vehicle will be more obvious. By the way, nitrogen oxides（NOx）and volatile organic compounds（VOCs）are precursor species of ozone（O3）and photochemical smog pollution in Taiwan. Therefore, if some tactic of energy re-distribution could obviously reduce the emission of pollutants as mentioned above, we could effectively improve the present air quality conditions.
This study focuses on present petrol and diesel vehicles’ energy demand, changing to electricity, analyzing the quantity of emission reduction. Basically, those scenarios assume that the travel and transportation demand do not change, replacing original energy demand with electricity powered by thermal plants. The scenarios include oil-fired, coal-fired and gas-fired three substituting energy supply, and each benefits are expressed as followed（Narrate as follows separately in accordance with the order：CO2、NOx、VOCs、SO2）：6.7％、68.7％、99.1％、-3833.6％；-23.6％、71.2％、100.0％、-769.3％；30.9％、53.5％、98.8％、100.0%。
Subjects
能源流分析
火力發電廠
能源效率
空污減量
排放量推估
Energy flow analysis
Thermal power plant
Energy efficiency
Estimation of air pollution emissions
Type
thesis
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