Assessing the nexus of electric vehicle and energy policies on health risks

The intricate interactions between electric vehicles and energy policies necessitate a methodology that integrates technological, economic and environmental assessments. Given the spatial and temporal manifestations of nexus effects, the coordination between the central and local governments and the timing of policy implementation has to be considered to maximize synergy and minimize the tradeoffs between both policies. This study combined an econometric model that incorporates a technological prediction model with an atmospheric model. The aim is to explore the nexus effects of electric vehicle and energy policies and assess the resultant health risks attributed to PM2.5 emissions. The findings from this study demonstrated that different locations benefit or suffer differently concerning changes in health risks after the government banned fuel-powered vehicles and provided subsidies for electric vehicles. The modeling outputs highlight the effects of time lags, spatial transfers, and net reductions in mortality on risk shifts resulting from the policy nexus. The key factors contributing to spatial and temporal variations in risks include technological evolution, facility lifespans and locations, and population density.