專案式供應鏈管理之模擬平台建構(I)
Date Issued
2004
Date
2004
Author(s)
DOI
922211E002097
Abstract
In manufacturing system, a supply chain is a network of facilities that performs the
functions of procurement of material, transformation of material to intermediate and
finished products, and distribution of finished products to customers (Hau and Billington
1992). A better procurement management considers the complete scope of supply chain
management, from supplier of raw material, through factories and warehouse, to demand
in a store for a finished product. The supply chain concepts can perform a more
applicable system for managing the uncertainty that plagues the performance of suppliers,
the reliability of manufacturing and transportation processes, and the changing desires of
customers. One can always identify the supply chain of a manufacturing enterprise,
although the complexity of the chain may differ from company to company. As
companies become more vertically integrated, their supply chains consist of many sites
organized in multiple levels, and the flows between sites form a complex network.
Different sources of uncertainties exist along a supply chain. They include demand
(volume and mix), process (yield, machine downtimes, transportation reliabilities), and
supply (part quality, delivery reliabilities). Inventories are often used to protect the
chain from these uncertainties. Inventories stored at different points of the supply
chain have differing impacts on the cost and service performance of the chain. For
example, inventories at various points have different values (a higher value for finished
goods and a lower value for raw materials). Also, inventories at various points have
differing degrees of flexibility (more flexibility in the form of raw materials because
they can be turned into different alternative finished products without incurring a
significant penalty). Finally, inventories at various points have differing levels of
responsiveness (finished goods can be shipped to customers without delay, whereas some
lead time is needed to transform materials into finished goods before shipments can be
made). A major challenge to supply chain managers is how to control inventories and
costs along the chain while maximizing customer service performance.
Subjects
E-Commerce
Internet
Supply Chain Management
Quick Response
Publisher
臺北市：國立臺灣大學土木工程學系暨研究所
Type
report
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