The antiinfective effects of velvet antler of Formosan sambar deer (Cervus unicolor swinhoei) on staphylococcus aureus -infected mice
Journal
Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Journal Volume
2011
Journal Issue
1
ISSN
1741-427X
1741-4288
Date Issued
2011
Author(s)
Kuo, Ching-Yun
Dai, Ting-Yeu
Wang, Chih-Hua
Chen, Kun-Nan
Huang, I-Nung
Hong, Wei-Sheng
Chen, Yen-Po
Abstract
We assayed the effects of velvet antler (VA) of Formosan sambar deer (Cervus unicolor swinhoei) and its extracts on the anti-infective activity against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo in this study. In vitro data indicated that the VA extracts stimulated the proliferation of resting splenocytes and macrophages in a dose-dependent manner up to the highest concentration used (150μgmL-1). The production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12) by lipoteichoic acid was significantly suppressed after being cocultured with the VA extracts in a dose-dependent manner. Animal test in S. aureus-infected mice demonstrated that the numbers of bacteria determined in the kidneys and peritoneal lavage fluid of S. aureus-infected mice were significantly higher than those found in the same organs of mice pretreated with the VA samples. Moreover, the highly enhanced phagocytic activity of macrophages was further verified after in vitro treatment with the VA samples. The protective mechanisms of the VA samples might include an immune enhancer and an inflammatory cytokine suppressor.
Publisher
Wiley
Description
Article number: 534069
Type
journal article