An Examination of Condomless Sex Intention among College Athletes in Taiwan Using the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Comparative Analysis Stratified by Gender and Sexual Experience
Date Issued
2015
Date
2015
Author(s)
Li, Fang-Yu
Abstract
Objectives: Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study aimed to examine the condomless sex intention (CSI) among college athletes in Taiwan, separately by their gender and sexual experience, in relation to the three constructs of the TPB. Methods: Anonymous self-administered survey data were collected from college athletes in northern Taiwan in November, 2014 through January, 2015. Responses from 1,349 heterosexual college athletes were included in the analyses (response rate: 97.2%). Multivariate logistic regression was employed to explore the covariates of CSI, stratified by gender and sexual experience. Results: When the TPB direct measures were used, a relatively neutral or positive attitude toward the behavior was significantly associated with greater CSI (AOR ranging from 5.39 to 47.87), regardless of gender or sexual experience. Female athletes, both sexually inexperienced and experienced, who perceived a relatively supportive subjective norm had significantly higher CSI (AOR=5.18 and 9.74, respectively). Sexually experienced male athletes who perceived relatively high behavioral control (AOR=4.74) had greater CSI. When the TPB indirect measures were applied, five factors were extracted, and all five factor-based measures were significantly associated with CSI to varying degrees. When individual items of indirect measures were further examined in relation to CSI, significant covariates were found to vary by gender and sexual experience. For example, among sexually experienced male and female athletes, a relatively positive evaluation about sexual excitement was differentially associated with CSI (AOR=2.79 and 9.99, respectively). Conclusions: Based on the TPB, this study found that attitude toward the behavior was strongly associated with CSI among college athletes. Perceived behavioral control had significant effects only among males. In addition, gender and sexual experience had important moderating effects. These findings suggest that, for optimal effectiveness, future health education interventions to reduce sexual risk behaviors should be tailored for college athletes of different genders and sexual experiences.
Subjects
Theory of Planned Behavior
College athletes
Condomless sex intention
Gender
Sexual experience
Taiwan
Type
thesis
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