Comparison of two different therapeutic strategies in treatment of canine Babesia gibsoni Asian genotype infection
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Chen-Yi Lin, Emerald
Abstract
The treatment of Babesia gibsoni Asian genotype (B. gibsoni Asian genotype) has long been a challenge to veterinarians as no drug can be used alone to eliminate the pathogen. Thirty client-owned dogs naturally infected with B. gibsoni as diagnosed with blood smear examination and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were enrolled in this study. Dogs were divided into two groups based on the treatment strategy initially. AA group received atovaquone (13.3mg/Kg body weight, PO, q8h) and azithromycin (10mg/Kg body weight, PO, q24h) and CDI group was treated with clinidamycin phosphate (30mg/kg body weight, PO, q12h), diminazene aceturate (3.5mg/kg body weight, IM, single dose at presenting day) and imidocarb diproprionate(6mg/kg body weight, SC, single dose, the day after diminazene was administrated). PCV, Hb, RBC, platelet counts, and parasitemia were recorded at presenting day (day 0) and during treatment at day 7, 14, 21, and 28. The B. gibsoni 18S rRNA gene was amplified and B. gibsoni cytochrom b (CYTb) gene were sequenced. As compare from the efficacy of suppressing parasitemia and the recovery of hematologic abnormalities, both groups have almost equal efficacy in treating B. gibsoni infection. Values of Hb, PCV, and RBC were higher in CDI group than in AA group at day 28. There were 41.2% dogs in AA group and 15.4% dogs in CDI relapsed after treatment, AA had higher relapsed rate than CDI. M121I mutation in B. gibsoni CYTb gene was detected in all AA-relapse and AA-non-remission samples. Drug resistance do occurred after treating by AA combination and M121I mutation in B. gibsoni CYTb gene is highly correlated in atovaquone-resistant B. gibsoni. Once relapse occurred, screening of the sequence of B. gibsoni CYTb gene is important and an alternative therapeutic strategy should be considered. Compared to AA combination, CDI combination has the same efficacy to suppress parasitemia, a higher recovery rate, and is less expensive without obvious side effects, unless it took longer treatment period. The CDI combination provided a good alternative choice in treating B. gibsoni Asian genotype.
Subjects
canine babesiosis
Babesia gibsoni
Type
thesis
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