Joint-Cost Allocation and Pricing Scheme of Shared-Taxi Services
Date Issued
2010
Date
2010
Author(s)
Chou, I-Tsai
Abstract
Shared-taxi system benefits all aspects of the society, drivers and passengers, thus numerous programs have been initiated by many countries decades ago. The fare of regular taxi is supervised by the government because of the role of para-transit, so is the fare of shared-taxi. In general, most studies of matching passengers for shared-taxi considered fare as transfer payment within system therefore neglect its effect, and simply set up fare as a fix parameter. However, it has been shown in previous studies of shared-taxi that fare is a major incentive to successful shared-taxi system. The existing fare models for shared-taxi are not consistent, including the fix fare and the upper bound of additional proportion which are extremely unfair for passengers matching from different OD pairs, and may easily bring about argument. In the long term, the unsound fare model would lead to fail shared-taxi system. Consequently, development of a fair pricing scheme for taxi sharing is a critical issue.
After reviewing the relative cases and studies, the sound fare design should contain the properties of effectiveness as well as fairness. It should also meet the benefits of drivers, passengers and government. The aim of this research is to develop a fair and reasonable fare model for shared-taxi system under optimal vehicle routing for passenger matching. Considering the special characteristics for drivers, a method of additional revenue proportion based on operational condition was proposed. As for the aspect of passengers, the individual properties has been taken into account when allocating join-cost and determing shared fare fairly base on the Shapley value, which is one of superior models of cooperative game theory. In addition, the shared fare solved by the fair model could reduces the gap of profits between different demand districts, thus it could eliminates unfairness for operators. It is also shown that with this fair model, the subsidy could be reduced, and the government is willing to advocates the shared-taxi planning thus could encounter lower pressure of financial affairs, and enhance the sustainable operation.
Subjects
Shared-taxi
Equity
Joint-cost allocation
Cooperative game theory
Type
thesis
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