The Long-Lasting Effects of Health and Education: Evidence on Taiwanese Twins and Siblings
Date Issued
2014
Date
2014
Author(s)
Xie, Zong-Xian
Abstract
Chapter 1: The Short-Run and Long-Run Effects of Birth Weight
Returns to birth weight have been a major topic in the field of health economics and become an important policy of national health during the past few years. In this chapter, I take advantage of Taiwanese twins and siblings over the period 1979–1984 to investigate the short-, medium-, and long-term effects of birth weight. My results show a positive causal relationship between an infant’s birth weight and health status, schooling, and labor market outcomes. I also check the robustness of my estimates by comparing the twin fixed-effects estimates across various sub-groups of twins and considering the possibility of nonlinear effects of birth weight.
Chapter 2: An Examination of the Causal Relationship between Education and Health
Do more educated people have better health status? Several studies show that well-educated people tend to have better health in terms of mortality, self-reported health conditions, health-related behaviors, and other measures for physical or mental health. In this chapter, I select the number of days hospitalized per year as the main indicator for health conditions and evaluate the education-health gradient via an instrumental variable method and a within-twin (within-family as well) estimator. The instrumental variable estimation shows mixed results, whereas the fixed-effects approach indicates that the effects of educational attainment are statistically significant on total days hospitalized per year. Moreover, the effects of schooling on health are bigger for both men and better-educated people.
Chapter 3: The Intergenerational Transmission of Education
Whether the intergenerational transmission of schooling exists has become a widely discussed topic via different empirical settings. In this paper, I use Taiwanese same-sex twins and siblings to examine parental schooling effects on their children’s schooling. The empirical findings based on 1951–1960 Taiwanese birth cohorts suggest that three additional years of parents’ education translates into an increase of children’s schooling by at most 0.5 year. Furthermore, I take advantage of a three-generation sample to test the Becker-Tomes model and find a strong evidence of supporting the important prediction of the Becker-Tomes model, that is, negative grandparental schooling effects.
Subjects
雙胞胎
手足
教育
健康
出生體重
住院
跨代傳遞
SDGs
Type
thesis
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