Relationship among Arsenic, Cadmium, Manganese, Mercury andead of Maternal Blood, Cord Blood and Placenta, and Theirotential Exposure Sources
Date Issued
2007
Date
2007
Author(s)
Huang, Hsin-Jan
Abstract
Abstractregnant women and fetuses are susceptible to environmental hazards. If women are exposed to heavy metals during pregnancy, their fetuses’ growth development could be adversely affected. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to find the relationship of arsenic, cadmium, manganese, mercury, and lead concentrations among maternal blood, cord blood and placenta, and to explore the potential environmental exposure sources of these five metals.tudy subjects included 480 mother and infant pairs collected from three different level hospitals in Taipei area. Questionnaires were administered to get study subjects’nvironmental exposure history before and during pregnancy. Biological samples, including maternal blood, cord blood, and placenta, were collected at delivery. Then ICP-MS was applied to analyze arsenic, cadmium, manganese, mercury and leadontents in maternal blood, cord blood, and placenta samples.etal concentrations in maternal blood, cord blood, and placenta samples were as follows (GM (GSD)): 4.47 μg/L (1.66), 3.72 μg/L (1.55), 22.91 ng/g (1.62) for arsenic,.15 μg/L (2.04), 0.23 μg/L (3.55), 63.10 ng/g (1.48) for cadmium, 20.89 μg/L (1.62), 46.77 μg/L (1.38), 549.54 ng/g (1.23) for manganese, 5.25 μg/L (2.69), 11.48 μg/L (1.86), 213.80 ng/g (1.62) for mercury, and 14.13 μg/L (2.24), 11.48 μg/L (2.00), 66.07 ng/g (1.70) for lead, respectively.he correlations among the concentrations of the study metals were examined by Pearson’s correlation. It appeared that arsenic and lead concentrations, respectively, in maternal blood, cord blood, and placenta were significantly and positively correlated. Manganese and mercury concentrations, respectively, in cord blood and placenta were also significantly positively correlated, as well as the mercury concentrations in maternal blood and cord blood. A significant correlation of cadmium concentration was only shown between maternal blood and placenta samples.ecause it was prohibited to use leaded gasoline, cord blood lead concentration was continuously decreasing. From 2002 to 2004, cord blood lead concentration was decreased by about 10 μg/L. Although maternal and cord blood mercury concentrations also decreased by 50% during the past years, they were still significantly higher than those of western countries.ultiple stepwise regression models were used to explore the factors affecting the maternal blood, cord blood and placental arsenic, cadmium, manganese, mercury, and lead concentrations. Results showed that study area was the major factor of maternal blood arsenic and mercury concentrations, and also affected maternal blood manganese and lead and cord blood cadmium and placental manganese and lead concentrations. Cord blood arsenic, manganese, mercury and lead and placental arsenic, cadmium and mercury concentrations were affected by those concentrations of maternal blood. In cord blood and placental lead concentrations, maternal blood lead concentration and study area had about the same influence of cord blood and placental lead concentrations.ord blood lead concentration was getting close to the developed countries. However, mercury concentrations in maternal and cord blood were still high. To find out the exposure mechanism, a follow-up study may be needed to investigate the possible mercury exposure sources for the pregnant women in the future.
Subjects
Arsenic
Cadmium
Manganese
Mercury
Lead
Maternal Blood
Cord Blood
Placenta
Type
thesis
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